Notch regulation of gastrointestinal stem cells.

Autor: Demitrack ES; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA., Samuelson LC; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of physiology [J Physiol] 2016 Sep 01; Vol. 594 (17), pp. 4791-803. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jun 26.
DOI: 10.1113/JP271667
Abstrakt: The gastrointestinal (GI) tract epithelium is continuously replenished by actively cycling stem and progenitor cells. These cell compartments are regulated to balance proliferation and stem cell renewal with differentiation into the various mature cell types to maintain tissue homeostasis. In this topical review we focus on the role of the Notch signalling pathway to regulate GI stem cell function in adult small intestine and stomach. We first present the current view of stem and progenitor cell populations in these tissues and then summarize the studies that have established the Notch pathway as a key regulator of gastric and intestinal stem cell function. Notch signalling has been shown to be a niche factor required for maintenance of GI stem cells in both tissues. In addition, Notch has been described to regulate epithelial cell differentiation. Recent studies have revealed key similarities and differences in how Notch regulates stem cell function in the stomach compared to intestine. We summarize the literature regarding Notch regulation of GI stem cell proliferation and differentiation, highlighting tissue-specific functions to compare and contrast Notch in the stomach and intestine.
(© 2016 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology © 2016 The Physiological Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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