Is bigger always better? The importance of cortical configuration with respect to cognitive ability.

Autor: Vuoksimaa E; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Public Health, and Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Electronic address: eero.vuoksimaa@helsinki.fi., Panizzon MS; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Chen CH; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Fiecas M; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Eyler LT; Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Center, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Fennema-Notestine C; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Hagler DJ Jr; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Franz CE; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Jak AJ; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Lyons MJ; Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA., Neale MC; Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23220, USA., Rinker DA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Imaging Genetics Center, Institute for Neuroimaging and Informatics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Thompson WK; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Tsuang MT; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Dale AM; Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA., Kremen WS; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center for Behavioral Genomics Twin Research Laboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, VA San Diego Healthcare System, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. Electronic address: wkremen@ucsd.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: NeuroImage [Neuroimage] 2016 Apr 01; Vol. 129, pp. 356-366. Date of Electronic Publication: 2016 Jan 29.
DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.049
Abstrakt: General cognitive ability (GCA) has substantial explanatory power for behavioral and health outcomes, but its cortical substrate is still not fully established. GCA is highly polygenic and research to date strongly suggests that its cortical substrate is highly polyregional. We show in map-based and region-of-interest-based analyses of adult twins that a complex cortical configuration underlies GCA. Having relatively greater surface area in evolutionary and developmentally high-expanded prefrontal, lateral temporal, and inferior parietal regions is positively correlated with GCA, whereas relatively greater surface area in low-expanded occipital, medial temporal, and motor cortices is negatively correlated with GCA. Essentially the opposite pattern holds for relative cortical thickness. The phenotypic positive-to-negative gradients in our cortical-GCA association maps were largely driven by a similar pattern of genetic associations. The patterns are consistent with regional cortical stretching whereby relatively greater surface area is related to relatively thinner cortex in high-expanded regions. Thus, the typical "bigger is better" view does not adequately capture cortical-GCA associations. Rather, cognitive ability is influenced by complex configurations of cortical development patterns that are strongly influenced by genetic factors. Optimal cognitive ability appears to be driven both by the absolute size and the polyregional configuration of the entire cortex rather than by small, circumscribed regions.
(Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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