Salmonella Bacteremia Among Children in Central and Northwest Nigeria, 2008-2015.

Autor:	Obaro SK; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria, Abuja Department of Pediatrics Department of Pediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada., Hassan-Hanga F; Department of Pediatrics., Olateju EK; Department of Pediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada., Umoru D; Department of Pediatrics, Nyanya General Hospital., Lawson L; Zankli Medical Center, Utako., Olanipekun G; International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria, Abuja., Ibrahim S; Department of Pediatrics Department of Medical Microbiology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital., Munir H; Department of Medical Microbiology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital., Ihesiolor G; Department of Medical Microbiology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital., Maduekwe A; Department of Pediatrics, Wuse General Hospital, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory., Ohiaeri C; Department of Pediatrics, Federal Medical Center, Keffi, Nassarawa State., Adetola A; Department of Pediatrics, Asokoro General Hospital., Shetima D; Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital, Central Business Area, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory., Jibir BW; Department of Pediatrics, Murtala Specialist Hospital., Nakaura H; Hasiya Bayero Pediatric Hospital, Kano., Kocmich N; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases., Ajose T; International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria, Abuja., Idiong D; International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria, Abuja Department of Microbiology, Bingham University, Karu, Nassarawa State., Masokano K; Hospital Services Management Board, Kano., Ifabiyi A; International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria, Abuja., Ihebuzor N; National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria., Chen B; Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health., Meza J; Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health., Akindele A; International Foundation Against Infectious Diseases in Nigeria, Abuja., Rezac-Elgohary A; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases., Olaosebikan R; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases., Suwaid S; Department of Pediatrics, Murtala Specialist Hospital., Gambo M; Department of Pediatrics., Alter R; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha., Davies HD; Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha., Fey PD; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America [Clin Infect Dis] 2015 Nov 01; Vol. 61 Suppl 4, pp. S325-31.
DOI:	10.1093/cid/civ745
Abstrakt:	Background: Etiologic agents of childhood bacteremia remain poorly defined in Nigeria. The absence of such data promotes indiscriminate use of antibiotics and delays implementation of appropriate preventive strategies. Methods: We established diagnostic laboratories for bacteremia surveillance at regional sites in central and northwest Nigeria. Acutely ill children aged <5 years with clinically suspected bacteremia were evaluated at rural and urban clinical facilities in the Federal Capital Territory, central region and in Kano, northwest Nigeria. Blood was cultured using the automated Bactec incubator system. Results: Between September 2008 and April 2015, we screened 10,133 children. Clinically significant bacteremia was detected in 609 of 4051 (15%) in the northwest and 457 of 6082 (7.5%) in the central region. Across both regions, Salmonella species account for 24%-59.8% of bacteremias and are the commonest cause of childhood bacteremia, with a predominance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. The prevalence of resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and cotrimoxazole was 38.11%, with regional differences in susceptibility to different antibiotics but high prevalence of resistance to readily available oral antibiotics. Conclusions: Salmonella Typhi is the leading cause of childhood bacteremia in central Nigeria. Expanded surveillance is planned to define the dynamics of transmission. The high prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains calls for improvement in environmental sanitation in the long term and vaccination in the short term. (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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