The human gut microbiota and virome: Potential therapeutic implications.

Autor: Scarpellini E; Department of Pediatrics, Umberto I University Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy., Ianiro G; Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Italy., Attili F; Division of Endoscopy, Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Italy., Bassanelli C; Gastroenterology Division, Umberto I University Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy., De Santis A; Gastroenterology Division, Umberto I University Hospital, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Italy., Gasbarrini A; Division of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Gemelli University Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Italy. Electronic address: agasbarrini@rm.unicatt.it.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver [Dig Liver Dis] 2015 Dec; Vol. 47 (12), pp. 1007-12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jul 18.
DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2015.07.008
Abstrakt: Human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem with several functions integrated in the host organism (metabolic, immune, nutrients absorption, etc.). Human microbiota is composed by bacteria, yeasts, fungi and, last but not least, viruses, whose composition has not been completely described. According to previous evidence on pathogenic viruses, the human gut harbours plant-derived viruses, giant viruses and, only recently, abundant bacteriophages. New metagenomic methods have allowed to reconstitute entire viral genomes from the genetic material spread in the human gut, opening new perspectives on the understanding of the gut virome composition, the importance of gut microbiome, and potential clinical applications. This review reports the latest evidence on human gut "virome" composition and its function, possible future therapeutic applications in human health in the context of the gut microbiota, and attempts to clarify the role of the gut "virome" in the larger microbial ecosystem.
(Copyright © 2015 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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