Chromatin Dynamics in Lineage Commitment and Cellular Reprogramming.

Autor:	Shchuka VM; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. virlana.shchuka@mail.utoronto.ca., Malek-Gilani N; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. neil.macpherson@utoronto.ca., Singh G; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. gur.singh@mail.utoronto.ca., Langroudi L; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. lida.langroudi@mail.utoronto.ca., Dhaliwal NK; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. navroop.dhaliwal@mail.utoronto.ca., Moorthy SD; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. sakthi.moorthy@utoronto.ca., Davidson S; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. s.davidson@utoronto.ca., Macpherson NN; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. neil.macpherson@utoronto.ca., Mitchell JA; Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada. ja.mitchell@utoronto.ca.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Genes [Genes (Basel)] 2015 Jul 17; Vol. 6 (3), pp. 641-61. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jul 17.
DOI:	10.3390/genes6030641
Abstrakt:	Dynamic structural properties of chromatin play an essential role in defining cell identity and function. Transcription factors and chromatin modifiers establish and maintain cell states through alteration of DNA accessibility and histone modifications. This activity is focused at both gene-proximal promoter regions and distally located regulatory elements. In the three-dimensional space of the nucleus, distal elements are localized in close physical proximity to the gene-proximal regulatory sequences through the formation of chromatin loops. These looping features in the genome are highly dynamic as embryonic stem cells differentiate and commit to specific lineages, and throughout reprogramming as differentiated cells reacquire pluripotency. Identifying these functional distal regulatory regions in the genome provides insight into the regulatory processes governing early mammalian development and guidance for improving the protocols that generate induced pluripotent cells.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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