MDMA, cannabis, and cocaine produce acute dissociative symptoms.

Autor: van Heugten-Van der Kloet D; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address: Dalena.vanheugten@ndcn.ox.ac.uk., Giesbrecht T; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands., van Wel J; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands., Bosker WM; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands., Kuypers KP; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands., Theunissen EL; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands., Spronk DB; Department of Psychiatry (966), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Jan Verkes R; Department of Psychiatry (966), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands., Merckelbach H; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands., Ramaekers JG; Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Psychiatry research [Psychiatry Res] 2015 Aug 30; Vol. 228 (3), pp. 907-12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Apr 30.
DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.04.028
Abstrakt: Some drugs of abuse may produce dissociative symptoms, but this aspect has been understudied. We explored the dissociative potential of three recreational drugs (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), cannabis, and cocaine) during intoxication and compared their effects to literature reports of dissociative states in various samples. Two placebo-controlled studies were conducted. In Study 1 (N=16), participants received single doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg of MDMA, and placebo. In Study 2 (N=21), cannabis (THC 300 µg/kg), cocaine (HCl 300 mg), and placebo were administered. Dissociative symptoms as measured with the Clinician-Administered Dissociative States Scale (CADSS) significantly increased under the influence of MDMA and cannabis. To a lesser extent, this was also true for cocaine. Dissociative symptoms following MDMA and cannabis largely exceeded those observed in schizophrenia patients, were comparable with those observed in Special Forces soldiers undergoing survival training, but were lower compared with ketamine-induced dissociation. Cocaine produced dissociative symptoms that were comparable with those observed in schizophrenia patients, but markedly less than those in Special Forces soldiers and ketamine users. Thus, MDMA and cannabis can produce dissociative symptoms that resemble dissociative pathology. The study of drug induced dissociation is important, because it may shed light on the mechanisms involved in dissociative psychopathology.
(Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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