| Autor: |
Suzán G; Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México, Distrito Federal, México., García-Peña GE; Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México, Distrito Federal, México ; UMR MIVEGEC, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle UMR 5290 CNRS-IRD-UM1-UM2, Centre de Recherche IRD 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France ; Centre de Synthèse et d'Analyse sur la Biodiversité - CESAB 13857, Aix-en-Provence Cedex 3, France., Castro-Arellano I; Biology Department, Texas State University San Marcos, Texas., Rico O; Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México, Distrito Federal, México., Rubio AV; Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México, Distrito Federal, México., Tolsá MJ; Departamento de Etología, Fauna Silvestre y Animales de Laboratorio, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México, Distrito Federal, México., Roche B; UMR MIVEGEC, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle UMR 5290 CNRS-IRD-UM1-UM2, Centre de Recherche IRD 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France., Hosseini PR; EcoHealth Alliance New York, New York., Rizzoli A; Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology Department Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige Trento, Italy., Murray KA; EcoHealth Alliance New York, New York., Zambrana-Torrelio C; EcoHealth Alliance New York, New York., Vittecoq M; UMR MIVEGEC, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle UMR 5290 CNRS-IRD-UM1-UM2, Centre de Recherche IRD 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France., Bailly X; INRA, UR346 Epidémiologie Animale Saint Genès Champanelle, France., Aguirre AA; Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University Fairfax, Virginia., Daszak P; EcoHealth Alliance New York, New York., Prieur-Richard AH; Muséum National d'histoireNaturelle, DIVERSITAS Paris, France., Mills JN; Population Biology, Ecology and Evolution Program, Emory University Atlanta, Georgia., Guégan JF; UMR MIVEGEC, Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle UMR 5290 CNRS-IRD-UM1-UM2, Centre de Recherche IRD 34394, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. |
| Abstrakt: |
The potential for disease transmission at the interface of wildlife, domestic animals and humans has become a major concern for public health and conservation biology. Research in this subject is commonly conducted at local scales while the regional context is neglected. We argue that prevalence of infection at local and regional levels is influenced by three mechanisms occurring at the landscape level in a metacommunity context. First, (1) dispersal, colonization, and extinction of pathogens, reservoir or vector hosts, and nonreservoir hosts, may be due to stochastic and niche-based processes, thus determining distribution of all species, and then their potential interactions, across local communities (metacommunity structure). Second, (2) anthropogenic processes may drive environmental filtering of hosts, nonhosts, and pathogens. Finally, (3) phylogenetic diversity relative to reservoir or vector host(s), within and between local communities may facilitate pathogen persistence and circulation. Using a metacommunity approach, public heath scientists may better evaluate the factors that predispose certain times and places for the origin and emergence of infectious diseases. The multidisciplinary approach we describe fits within a comprehensive One Health and Ecohealth framework addressing zoonotic infectious disease outbreaks and their relationship to their hosts, other animals, humans, and the environment. |
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