The presynaptic active zone: A dynamic scaffold that regulates synaptic efficacy.

Autor: Michel K; Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53105 Bonn, Germany., Müller JA; Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53105 Bonn, Germany., Oprişoreanu AM; Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53105 Bonn, Germany., Schoch S; Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical Center, 53105 Bonn, Germany; Department of Epileptology University of Bonn Medical Center, 53105 Bonn, Germany. Electronic address: susanne.schoch@uni-bonn.de.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Experimental cell research [Exp Cell Res] 2015 Jul 15; Vol. 335 (2), pp. 157-64. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Feb 23.
DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2015.02.011
Abstrakt: Before fusing with the presynaptic plasma membrane to release neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft synaptic vesicles have to be recruited to and docked at a specialized area of the presynaptic nerve terminal, the active zone. Exocytosis of synaptic vesicles is restricted to the presynaptic active zone, which is characterized by a unique and highly interconnected set of proteins. The protein network at the active zone is integrally involved in this process and also mediates changes in release properties, for example in response to alterations in the level of neuronal network activity. In recent years the development of novel techniques has greatly advanced our understanding of the molecular identity of respective active zone components as well as of the ultrastructure of this membranous subcompartment and of the SV release machinery. Furthermore, active zones are now viewed as dynamic structures whose composition and size are correlated with synaptic efficacy. Therefore, the dynamic remodeling of the protein network at the active zone has emerged as one potential mechanism underlying acute and long-term synaptic plasticity. Here, we will discuss this recent progress and its implications for our view of the role of the AZ in synaptic function.
(Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: