Widespread presence of the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in wild amphibian communities in Madagascar.

Autor: Bletz MC; 1] Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA [2] Technische Universität Braunschweig, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany., Rosa GM; 1] Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NR, UK [2] Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent's Park, London NW1 4RY, UK [3] Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (CE3C), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Bloco 2, Piso 5, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal., Andreone F; 1] Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali, Via G. Giolitti, 36, I-10123, Torino, Italy [2] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar., Courtois EA; 1] CNRS-Guyane, USR 3456, 2 avenue Gustave Charlery, 97300 Cayenne, Guyane Française [2] Station d'écologie expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis, USR 2936, 2 route du CNRS, 09200 Moulis, France., Schmeller DS; 1] UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany [2] EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), CNRS/Université de Toulouse; UPS, INPT; 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France., Rabibisoa NH; 1] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar [2] Département de Biologie Animale et Ecologie, Faculté des Sciences, University of Mahajanga, Ambondrona, B.P. 652, Mahajanga 401, Madagascar., Rabemananjara FC; 1] IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group-Madagascar, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar [2] University of Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar., Raharivololoniaina L; University of Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo 101, Antananarivo, Madagascar., Vences M; Technische Universität Braunschweig, Division of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany., Weldon C; Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa., Edmonds D; Association Mitsinjo, Lot 104 A Andasibe Gare, Andasibe 514, Madagascar., Raxworthy CJ; Department of Herpetology, American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West at 79th St. New York, NY 10024, USA., Harris RN; Department of Biology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA 22807, USA., Fisher MC; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, W2 1PG, UK., Crottini A; CIBIO Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, N° 7, 4485-661 Vairão, Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2015 Feb 26; Vol. 5, pp. 8633. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Feb 26.
DOI: 10.1038/srep08633
Abstrakt: Amphibian chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has been a significant driver of amphibian declines. While globally widespread, Bd had not yet been reported from within Madagascar. We document surveys conducted across the country between 2005 and 2014, showing Bd's first record in 2010. Subsequently, Bd was detected in multiple areas, with prevalence reaching up to 100%. Detection of Bd appears to be associated with mid to high elevation sites and to have a seasonal pattern, with greater detectability during the dry season. Lineage-based PCR was performed on a subset of samples. While some did not amplify with any lineage probe, when a positive signal was observed, samples were most similar to the Global Panzootic Lineage (BdGPL). These results may suggest that Bd arrived recently, but do not exclude the existence of a previously undetected endemic Bd genotype. Representatives of all native anuran families have tested Bd-positive, and exposure trials confirm infection by Bd is possible. Bd's presence could pose significant threats to Madagascar's unique "megadiverse" amphibians.
Databáze: MEDLINE