| Autor: |
Grasso F; Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.; Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy., Ruggieri V; Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy., De Luca G; Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Leopardi P; Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Mancuso MT; Laboratory of Radiation Biology and Biomedicine, Agenzia Nazionale per le Nuove Tecnologie, l'Energia e lo Sviluppo Economico Sostenibile (ENEA) CR-Casaccia, Rome, Italy., Casorelli I; Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, Rome, Italy., Pichierri P; Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Karran P; Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, Herts, UK., Bignami M; Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. |
| Abstrakt: |
The therapeutic thiopurines, including the immunosuppressant azathioprine (Aza) cause the accumulation of the UVA photosensitizer 6-thioguanine (6-TG) in the DNA of the patients' cells. DNA 6-TG and UVA are synergistically cytotoxic and their interaction causes oxidative damage. The MUTYH DNA glycosylase participates in the base excision repair of oxidized DNA bases. Using Mutyh-nullmouse fibroblasts (MEFs) we examined whether MUTYH provides protection against the lethal effects of combined DNA 6-TG/UVA. Surprisingly, Mutyh-null MEFs were more resistant than wild-type MEFs, despite accumulating higher levels of DNA 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG).Their enhanced 6-TG/UVA resistance reflected the absence of the MUTYH protein and MEFs expressing enzymatically-dead human variants were as sensitive as wild-type cells. Consistent with their enhanced resistance, Mutyh-null cells sustained fewer DNA strand breaks and lower levels of chromosomal damage after 6-TG/UVA. Although 6-TG/UVA treatment caused early checkpoint activation irrespective of the MUTYH status, Mutyh-null cells failed to arrest in S-phase at late time points. MUTYH-dependent toxicity was also apparent in vivo. Mutyh-/- mice survived better than wild-type during a 12-month chronicexposure to Aza/UVA treatments that significantly increased levels of skin DNA 8-oxoG. Two squamous cell skin carcinomas arose in Aza/UVA treated Mutyh-/- mice whereas similarly treated wild-type animals remained tumor-free. |
