The Man I Once Knew: Grief and Inflammation in Female Partners of Veterans With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Autor:	Saban KL; Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines, IL, USA Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA ksaban@luc.edu., Mathews HL; Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA., Collins EG; Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines, IL, USA College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Hogan NS; Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Tell D; Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Bryant FB; Department of Psychology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA., Pape TL; Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital, Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Hines, IL, USA Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA., Griffin JM; Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Janusek LW; Marcella Niehoff School of Nursing, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Biological research for nursing [Biol Res Nurs] 2016 Jan; Vol. 18 (1), pp. 50-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jan 30.
DOI:	10.1177/1099800414568661
Abstrakt:	Grief, although traditionally conceptualized as a bereavement-related reaction, is also experienced by significant others in response to the profound cognitive and personality changes associated with a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a loved one. Grief associated with the death of a loved one is related to increases in proinflammatory cytokines, yet it is not clear whether this is the case for grief experienced by individuals caring for a significant other with TBI. The purpose of this cross-sectional, exploratory study was to examine grief and its association with a proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), in wives/partners caring for veterans with TBI. Participants completed written measures of grief, perceived stress, and depressive symptoms and provided morning saliva samples for TNF-α analysis. Participants reported levels of grief comparable to those reported in studies evaluating individuals grieving the death of a loved one. Path analysis revealed that grief was not associated with TNF-α; however, participants reporting high levels of blame/anger, a subscale of the grief scale, had higher levels of TNF-α. In addition, both grief and blame/anger were related to increased perceived stress and depressive symptoms; however, path analysis demonstrated that perceived stress and depressive symptoms did not mediate the influence of blame/anger on TNF-α. These findings suggest that blame/anger associated with grief may be related to the elevations in TNF-α exhibited by individuals caring for a loved one with TBI. (© The Author(s) 2015.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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