Glycaemic control and self-management behaviours in Type 2 diabetes: results from a 1-year longitudinal cohort study.

Autor: Houle J; Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Beaulieu MD; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Department of Family and Emergency Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Chiasson JL; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Lespérance F; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Department of Psychiatry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Côté J; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Faculty of Nursing, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Strychar I; Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier universitaire de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Bherer L; PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.; Institut de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Meunier S; Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada., Lambert J; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association [Diabet Med] 2015 Sep; Vol. 32 (9), pp. 1247-54. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jan 27.
DOI: 10.1111/dme.12686
Abstrakt: Aim: To better understand the associations between changes in self-management behaviours and glycaemic control.
Methods: We conducted a prospective observational study of 295 adult patients with Type 2 diabetes evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Four self-management behaviours were evaluated using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities instrument, which assesses healthy diet, physical activity, medication taking and self-monitoring of blood glucose. Using hierarchical linear regression models, we tested whether changes in self-management behaviours were associated with short-term (6-month) or long-term (12-month) changes in glycaemic control, after controlling for demographic and clinical characteristics.
Results: Improved diet was associated with a decrease in HbA1c level, both at 6 and 12 months. Improved medication taking was associated with short-term improvement in glycaemic control, while increased self-monitoring of blood glucose frequency was associated with a 12-month improvement in HbA1c . Completely stopping exercise after being physically active at baseline was associated with a rise in HbA1c level at 6-month follow-up. Interaction analysis indicated that a healthy diet benefitted all participant subgroups, but that medication taking was associated with glycaemic control only for participants living in poverty and more strongly for those with lower educational levels. Finally, a higher self-monitoring of blood glucose frequency was associated with better glycaemic control only in insulin-treated participants.
Conclusions: Even after adjusting for potential confounders (including baseline HbA1c ), increased frequency of healthy diet, medication taking and self-monitoring of blood glucose were associated with improved HbA1c levels. These self-management behaviours should be regularly monitored to identify patients at risk of deterioration in glycaemic control. Barriers to optimum self-management should be removed, particularly among socio-economically disadvantaged populations.
(© 2015 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2015 Diabetes UK.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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