Recent trends in the prevalence of under- and overweight among adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries.

Autor: Jaacks LM; Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA., Slining MM; Department of Health Sciences, Furman University, Greenville, SC, USA., Popkin BM; Department of Nutrition, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Pediatric obesity [Pediatr Obes] 2015 Dec; Vol. 10 (6), pp. 428-35. Date of Electronic Publication: 2015 Jan 05.
DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12000
Abstrakt: Background: Most studies of childhood malnutrition in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) focus on children <5 years, with few focusing on adolescence, a critical stage in development.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate recent trends in the prevalence of under- and overweight among girls (15-18 years) in LMICs.
Methods: Data are from Demographic and Health Surveys (53 countries) and national surveys conducted in Indonesia, China, Vietnam, Brazil and Mexico. The most recent surveys with sample sizes ≥50 when stratified by rural-urban status were included: 46.6% of countries had a survey conducted in the past 5 years, while the most recent survey for 10.3% of countries was over 10 years old. The overall rural sample size was 94,857 and urban sample size was 81,025. Under- and overweight were defined using the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) sex- and age-specific body mass index cut points.
Results: South Asia had the highest prevalence of underweight; nearly double that of East Asia and the Pacific and sub-Saharan Africa, and increasing annually by 0.66% in rural areas. Latin America and the Caribbean had the highest regional prevalence of overweight in both rural and urban settings, and this prevalence is increasing annually by about 0.50%. In urban areas, 38% of countries had both an under- and overweight prevalence ≥10%.
Conclusions: There is substantial variation across and within regions in the burden of under- and overweight, with increasing dual burdens in urban areas. Innovative public health interventions capable of addressing both ends of the malnutrition spectrum are urgently needed.
(© 2014 World Obesity.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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