Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous butorphanol administration in horses.

Autor: Chiavaccini L; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA., Claude AK; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA., Lee JH; Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA., Ross MK; Department of Basic Sciences, Center for Environmental Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA., Meyer RE; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA., Langston VC; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics [J Vet Pharmacol Ther] 2015 Aug; Vol. 38 (4), pp. 365-74. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Dec 07.
DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12191
Abstrakt: The study objective was to compare butorphanol pharmacokinetics and physiologic effects following intravenous and subcutaneous administration in horses. Ten adult horses received 0.1 mg/kg butorphanol by either intravenous or subcutaneous injections, in a randomized crossover design. Plasma concentrations of butorphanol were measured at predetermined time points using highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay (LC-MS/MS). Demeanor and physiologic variables were recorded. Data were analyzed with multivariate mixed-effect model on ranks (P ≤ 0.05). For subcutaneous injection, absorption half-life and peak plasma concentration of butorphanol were 0.10 ± 0.07 h and 88 ± 37.4 ng/mL (mean ± SD), respectively. Bioavailability was 87%. After intravenous injection, mean ± SD butorphanol steady-state volume of distribution and clearance was 1.2 ± 0.96 L/kg and 0.65 ± 0.20 L/kg/h, respectively. Terminal half-lives for butorphanol were 2.31 ± 1.74 h and 5.29 ± 1.72 h after intravenous and subcutaneous administrations. Subcutaneous butorphanol reached and maintained target plasma concentrations >10 ng/mL for 2 ± 0.87 h (Mean ± SD), with less marked physiologic and behavioral effects compared to intravenous injection. Subcutaneous butorphanol administration is an acceptable alternative to the intravenous route in adult horses.
(© 2014 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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