Role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of otitis media.

Autor:	Mittal R; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Kodiyan J; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Gerring R; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Mathee K; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA., Li JD; Center for Inflammation, Immunity, and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA., Grati M; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Liu XZ; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami - Miller School of Medicine, 1601 NW 12th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA. Electronic address: xliu@med.miami.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases [Int J Infect Dis] 2014 Dec; Vol. 29, pp. 259-67. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Nov 05.
DOI:	10.1016/j.ijid.2014.10.015
Abstrakt:	Otitis media (OM) is a public health problem in both developed and developing countries. It is the leading cause of hearing loss and represents a significant healthcare burden. In some cases, acute OM progresses to chronic suppurative OM (CSOM), characterized by effusion and discharge, despite antimicrobial therapy. The emergence of antibiotic resistance and potential ototoxicity of antibiotics has created an urgent need to design non-conventional therapeutic strategies against OM based on modern insights into its pathophysiology. In this article, we review the role of innate immunity as it pertains to OM and discuss recent advances in understanding the role of innate immune cells in protecting the middle ear. We also discuss the mechanisms utilized by pathogens to subvert innate immunity and thereby overcome defensive responses. A better knowledge about bacterial virulence and host resistance promises to reveal novel targets to design effective treatment strategies against OM. The identification and characterization of small natural compounds that can boost innate immunity may provide new avenues for the treatment of OM. There is also a need to design novel methods for targeted delivery of these compounds into the middle ear, allowing higher therapeutic doses and minimizing systemic side effects. (Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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