Self-predictions of prospective memory in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: evidence of a metamemory deficit.

Autor:	Casaletto KB; SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego 92103, CA, USA., Doyle KL; SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego 92103, CA, USA., Weber E; SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego 92103, CA, USA., Woods SP; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093, CA, USA Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston 77204, TX, USA spwoods@uh.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists [Arch Clin Neuropsychol] 2014 Dec; Vol. 29 (8), pp. 818-27.
DOI:	10.1093/arclin/acu061
Abstrakt:	HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are associated with deficits in prospective memory (PM; "remembering to remember"), conferring risk of daily functioning declines. However, self-perceptions of PM functioning are not reliably associated with PM performance in HIV, suggesting a possible deficit in awareness of PM abilities (meta-PM). Our study examined meta-PM in HAND and its correlates using self-predictions of laboratory-based PM performance. Performance-based PM abilities, self-reported prediction of PM performance, and PM complaints in everyday life were assessed in 49 individuals with HAND, 93 HIV+ without HAND (HIV+ noHAND), and 121 seronegative adults (HIV-). After controlling for group-level differences, HAND was associated with a greater number of PM symptoms in everyday life and worse PM performance when compared with both HIV+ noHAND and HIV- samples. Although HAND individuals reported somewhat lower predictions regarding their laboratory PM performance relative to the other study groups, they nevertheless exhibited significantly greater inaccurate overconfidence in time-based PM abilities. Within the HAND group, overconfidence in time-based meta-PM was associated with executive dysfunction and antiretroviral (ARV) nonadherence. HAND individuals evidenced a moderate deficit in awareness of PM functioning characterized by overconfidence in time-based PM abilities. Overconfidence in PM may result in absence of compensatory strategy use, and lead to increased errors in daily functioning (e.g., ARV nonadherence). (© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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