Multifaceted diversity-area relationships reveal global hotspots of mammalian species, trait and lineage diversity.

Autor: Mazel F; Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Grenoble, France; flo.mazel@gmail.com., Guilhaumon F; Laboratoire ECOSYM Université Montpellier2, France; francoisguilhaumon@gmail.com., Mouquet N; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554, CNRS, Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France; nmouquet@univ-montp2.fr., Devictor V; Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, Université Montpellier2, France; vincent.devictor@univ-montp2.fr., Gravel D; Université du Québec à Rimouski, Département de biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Québec, Canada; dominique_gravel@uqar.ca., Renaud J; Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Grenoble, France; julien.renaud.leca@gmail.com., Cianciaruso MV; Departamento de Ecologia, ICB, Universidade federal de Goiàs, Goiâna, Brasil; cianciaruso@gmail.com., Loyola RD; Departamento de Ecologia, ICB, Universidade federal de Goiàs, Goiâna, Brasil; rdiasloyola@gmail.com., Diniz-Filho JA; Departamento de Ecologia, ICB, Universidade federal de Goiàs, Goiâna, Brasil; diniz@ufg.br., Mouillot D; Laboratoire ECOSYM Université Montpellier 2, France; ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia ; david.mouillot@univmontp2.fr., Thuiller W; Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, Grenoble, France; wilfried.thuiller@ujf-grenoble.fr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Global ecology and biogeography : a journal of macroecology [Glob Ecol Biogeogr] 2014 Aug 01; Vol. 23 (8), pp. 836-847.
DOI: 10.1111/geb.12158
Abstrakt: Aim: To define biome-scale hotspots of phylogenetic and functional mammalian biodiversity (PD and FD, respectively) and compare them to 'classical' hotspots based on species richness (SR) only.
Location: Global.
Methods: SR, PD & FD were computed for 782 terrestrial ecoregions using distribution ranges of 4616 mammalian species. We used a set of comprehensive diversity indices unified by a recent framework that incorporates the species relative coverage in each ecoregion. We build large-scale multifaceted diversity-area relationships to rank ecoregions according to their levels of biodiversity while accounting for the effect of area on each diversity facet. Finally we defined hotspots as the top-ranked ecoregions.
Results: While ignoring species relative coverage led to a relative good congruence between biome top ranked SR, PD and FD hotspots, ecoregions harboring a rich and abundantly represented evolutionary history and functional diversity did not match with top ranked ecoregions defined by species richness. More importantly PD and FD hotspots showed important spatial mismatches. We also found that FD and PD generally reached their maximum values faster than species richness as a function of area.
Main Conclusions: The fact that PD/FD reach faster their maximal value than SR may suggest that the two former facets might be less vulnerable to habitat loss than the latter. While this point is expected, it is the first time that it is quantified at global scale and should have important consequences in conservation. Incorporating species relative coverage into the delineation of multifaceted hotspots of diversity lead to weak congruence between SR, PD and FD hotspots. This means that maximizing species number may fail at preserving those nodes (in the phylogenetic or functional tree) that are relatively abundant in the ecoregion. As a consequence it may be of prime importance to adopt a multifaceted biodiversity perspective to inform conservation strategies at global scale.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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