A randomized controlled trial of intranasal ketamine in major depressive disorder.

Autor: Lapidus KA; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Levitch CF; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Perez AM; Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Brallier JW; Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Parides MK; Department of Health Evidence and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Soleimani L; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York., Feder A; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Iosifescu DV; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Charney DS; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York., Murrough JW; Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Fishberg Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York; Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York. Electronic address: james.murrough@mssm.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biological psychiatry [Biol Psychiatry] 2014 Dec 15; Vol. 76 (12), pp. 970-6. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Apr 03.
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.03.026
Abstrakt: Background: The N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptor antagonist ketamine, delivered via an intravenous route, has shown rapid antidepressant effects in patients with treatment-resistant depression. The current study was designed to test the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intranasal ketamine in patients with depression who had failed at least one prior antidepressant trial.
Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 20 patients with major depression were randomly assigned, and 18 completed 2 treatment days with intranasal ketamine hydrochloride (50 mg) or saline solution. The primary efficacy outcome measure was change in depression severity 24 hours after ketamine or placebo, measured using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale. Secondary outcomes included persistence of benefit, changes in self-reports of depression, changes in anxiety, and proportion of responders. Potential psychotomimetic, dissociative, hemodynamic, and general adverse effects associated with ketamine were also measured.
Results: Patients showed significant improvement in depressive symptoms at 24 hours after ketamine compared to placebo (t = 4.39, p < .001; estimated mean Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score difference of 7.6 ± 3.7; 95% confidence interval, 3.9-11.3). Response criteria were met by 8 of 18 patients (44%) 24 hours after ketamine administration compared with 1 of 18 (6%) after placebo (p = .033). Intranasal ketamine was well tolerated with minimal psychotomimetic or dissociative effects and was not associated with clinically significant changes in hemodynamic parameters.
Conclusions: This study provides the first controlled evidence for the rapid antidepressant effects of intranasal ketamine. Treatment was associated with minimal adverse effects. If replicated, these findings may lead to novel approaches to the pharmacologic treatment of patients with major depression.
(Copyright © 2014 Society of Biological Psychiatry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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