Obesity-associated variants within FTO form long-range functional connections with IRX3.

Autor: Smemo S; 1] Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA [2]., Tena JJ; 1] Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km1, Sevilla 41013, Spain [2]., Kim KH; 1] Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada [2]., Gamazon ER; Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Sakabe NJ; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Gómez-Marín C; Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km1, Sevilla 41013, Spain., Aneas I; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Credidio FL; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Sobreira DR; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Wasserman NF; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Lee JH; Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada., Puviindran V; Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada., Tam D; Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada., Shen M; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Son JE; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada., Vakili NA; Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada., Sung HK; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada., Naranjo S; Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km1, Sevilla 41013, Spain., Acemel RD; Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km1, Sevilla 41013, Spain., Manzanares M; Cardiovascular Development and Repair Department, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid 28029, Spain., Nagy A; Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 3H7, Canada., Cox NJ; 1] Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA [2] Section of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA., Hui CC; Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, and Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada., Gomez-Skarmeta JL; Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera Km1, Sevilla 41013, Spain., Nóbrega MA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2014 Mar 20; Vol. 507 (7492), pp. 371-5. Date of Electronic Publication: 2014 Mar 12.
DOI: 10.1038/nature13138
Abstrakt: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have reproducibly associated variants within introns of FTO with increased risk for obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Although the molecular mechanisms linking these noncoding variants with obesity are not immediately obvious, subsequent studies in mice demonstrated that FTO expression levels influence body mass and composition phenotypes. However, no direct connection between the obesity-associated variants and FTO expression or function has been made. Here we show that the obesity-associated noncoding sequences within FTO are functionally connected, at megabase distances, with the homeobox gene IRX3. The obesity-associated FTO region directly interacts with the promoters of IRX3 as well as FTO in the human, mouse and zebrafish genomes. Furthermore, long-range enhancers within this region recapitulate aspects of IRX3 expression, suggesting that the obesity-associated interval belongs to the regulatory landscape of IRX3. Consistent with this, obesity-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms are associated with expression of IRX3, but not FTO, in human brains. A direct link between IRX3 expression and regulation of body mass and composition is demonstrated by a reduction in body weight of 25 to 30% in Irx3-deficient mice, primarily through the loss of fat mass and increase in basal metabolic rate with browning of white adipose tissue. Finally, hypothalamic expression of a dominant-negative form of Irx3 reproduces the metabolic phenotypes of Irx3-deficient mice. Our data suggest that IRX3 is a functional long-range target of obesity-associated variants within FTO and represents a novel determinant of body mass and composition.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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