| Autor: |
Velazquez Escobar F; Technische Universität Berlin , Institut für Chemie, Sekr. PC14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany., Hildebrandt T, Utesch T, Schmitt FJ, Seuffert I, Michael N, Schulz C, Mroginski MA, Friedrich T, Hildebrandt P |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Biochemistry [Biochemistry] 2014 Jan 14; Vol. 53 (1), pp. 20-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Dec 26. |
| DOI: |
10.1021/bi401287u |
| Abstrakt: |
Phytochromes constitute a class of photoreceptors that can be photoconverted between two stable states. The tetrapyrrole chromophore absorbs in the red spectral region and displays fluorescence maxima above 700 nm, albeit with low quantum yields. Because this wavelength region is particularly advantageous for fluorescence-based deep tissue imaging, there is a strong interest to engineer phytochrome variants with increased fluorescence yields. Such targeted design efforts would substantially benefit from a deeper understanding of those structural parameters that control the photophysical properties of the protein-bound chromophore. Here we have employed resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations for elucidating the chromophore structural changes in a fluorescence-optimized mutant (iRFP) derived from the PAS-GAF domain of the bacteriophytochrome RpBphP2 from Rhodopseudomas palustris . Both methods consistently reveal the structural consequences of the amino acid substitutions in the vicinity of the biliverdin chromophore that may account for lowering the propability of nonradiative excited state decays. First, compared to the wild-type protein, the tilt angle of the terminal ring D with respect to ring C is increased in iRFP, accompanied by the loss of hydrogen bond interactions of the ring D carbonyl function and the reduction of the number of water molecules in that part of the chromophore pocket. Second, the overall flexibility of the chromophore is significantly reduced, particularly in the region of rings D and A, thereby reducing the conformational heterogeneity of the methine bridge between rings A and B and the ring A carbonyl group, as concluded from the RR spectra of the wild-type proteins. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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