Physics-based agent to simulant correlations for vapor phase mass transport.

Autor: Willis MP; Decontamination Sciences Branch, U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, 5183 Blackhawk Road, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010-5424, United States. Electronic address: matthew.p.willis.civ@mail.mil., Varady MJ, Pearl TP, Fouse JC, Riley PC, Mantooth BA, Lalain TA
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of hazardous materials [J Hazard Mater] 2013 Dec 15; Vol. 263 Pt 2, pp. 479-85. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Oct 10.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.09.064
Abstrakt: Chemical warfare agent simulants are often used as an agent surrogate to perform environmental testing, mitigating exposure hazards. This work specifically addresses the assessment of downwind agent vapor concentration resulting from an evaporating simulant droplet. A previously developed methodology was used to estimate the mass diffusivities of the chemical warfare agent simulants methyl salicylate, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide, di-ethyl malonate, and chloroethyl phenyl sulfide. Along with the diffusivity of the chemical warfare agent bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide, the simulant diffusivities were used in an advection-diffusion model to predict the vapor concentrations downwind from an evaporating droplet of each chemical at various wind velocities and temperatures. The results demonstrate that the simulant-to-agent concentration ratio and the corresponding vapor pressure ratio are equivalent under certain conditions. Specifically, the relationship is valid within ranges of measurement locations relative to the evaporating droplet and observation times. The valid ranges depend on the relative transport properties of the agent and simulant, and whether vapor transport is diffusion or advection dominant.
(Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: