On the way towards greener transition-metal-catalyzed processes as quantified by E factors.

Autor: Lipshutz BH; Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 (USA) http://web.chem.ucsb.edu/∼lipshutzgroup/. lipshutz@chem.ucsb.edu., Isley NA, Fennewald JC, Slack ED
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) [Angew Chem Int Ed Engl] 2013 Oct 11; Vol. 52 (42), pp. 10952-8. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Sep 12.
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201302020
Abstrakt: Transition-metal-catalyzed carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bond formations are among the most heavily used types of reactions in both academic and industrial settings. As important as these are to the synthetic community, such cross-couplings come with a heavy price to our environment, and sustainability. E Factors are one measure of waste created, and organic solvents, by far, are the main contributors to the high values associated, in particular, with the pharmaceutical and fine-chemical companies which utilize these reactions. An alternative to organic solvents in which cross-couplings are run can be found in the form of micellar catalysis, wherein nanoparticles composed of newly introduced designer surfactants enable the same cross-couplings, albeit in water, with most taking place at room temperature. In the absence of an organic solvent as the reaction medium, organic waste and hence, E Factors, drop dramatically.
(Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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