| Autor: |
Ray D; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America. dipray@umich.edu, Shukla S, Allam US, Helman A, Ramanand SG, Tran L, Bassetti M, Krishnamurthy PM, Rumschlag M, Paulsen M, Sun L, Shanley TP, Ljungman M, Nyati MK, Zhang M, Lawrence TS |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
PloS one [PLoS One] 2013; Vol. 8 (2), pp. e57290. Date of Electronic Publication: 2013 Feb 28. |
| DOI: |
10.1371/journal.pone.0057290 |
| Abstrakt: |
The efficacy of radiation therapy for lung cancer is limited by radiation-induced lung toxicity (RILT). Although tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling plays a critical role in RILT, the molecular regulators of radiation-induced TNF-α production remain unknown. We investigated the role of a major TNF-α regulator, Tristetraprolin (TTP), in radiation-induced TNF-α production by macrophages. For in vitro studies we irradiated (4 Gy) either a mouse lung macrophage cell line, MH-S or macrophages isolated from TTP knockout mice, and studied the effects of radiation on TTP and TNF-α levels. To study the in vivo relevance, mouse lungs were irradiated with a single dose (15 Gy) and assessed at varying times for TTP alterations. Irradiation of MH-S cells caused TTP to undergo an inhibitory phosphorylation at Ser-178 and proteasome-mediated degradation, which resulted in increased TNF-α mRNA stabilization and secretion. Similarly, MH-S cells treated with TTP siRNA or macrophages isolated from ttp (-/-) mice had higher basal levels of TNF-α, which was increased minimally after irradiation. Conversely, cells overexpressing TTP mutants defective in undergoing phosphorylation released significantly lower levels of TNF-α. Inhibition of p38, a known kinase for TTP, by either siRNA or a small molecule inhibitor abrogated radiation-induced TNF-α release by MH-S cells. Lung irradiation induced TTP(Ser178) phosphorylation and protein degradation and a simultaneous increase in TNF-α production in C57BL/6 mice starting 24 h post-radiation. In conclusion, irradiation of lung macrophages causes TTP inactivation via p38-mediated phosphorylation and proteasome-mediated degradation, leading to TNF-α production. These findings suggest that agents capable of blocking TTP phosphorylation or stabilizing TTP after irradiation could decrease RILT. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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