Effects of Biological Versus Psychosocial Explanations on Stigmatization of Children With ADHD.

Autor:	Lebowitz MS; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA matthew.lebowitz@yale.edu., Rosenthal JE; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Ahn WK; Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of attention disorders [J Atten Disord] 2016 Mar; Vol. 20 (3), pp. 240-50. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Dec 20.
DOI:	10.1177/1087054712469255
Abstrakt:	Objective: Previous studies have found biological conceptualizations of psychopathology to be associated with stigmatizing attitudes and prognostic pessimism. This research investigated how biological and psychosocial explanations for a child's ADHD symptoms differ in affecting laypeople's stigmatizing attitudes and prognostic beliefs. Method: Three experiments were conducted online with U.S. adults, using vignettes that described a child with ADHD and attributed his symptoms to either biological or psychosocial causes. Dependent measures gauged social distance and expectations about the child's prognosis. Results: Across all three studies, the biological explanation yielded more doubt about treatability but less social distance-a result that diverges from previous research with other disorders. Differences in the amount of blame ascribed to the child mediated the social distance effect. Conclusion: The effects of biological explanations on laypeople's views of ADHD seem to be a "double-edged sword," reducing social rejection but exacerbating perceptions of the disorder as relatively untreatable. (© The Author(s) 2012.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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