Detection of influenza A virus in live bird markets in Kenya, 2009-2011.

Autor: Munyua PM; CDC-Kenya, Influenza Program, Nairobi, Kenya., Githinji JW, Waiboci LW, Njagi LM, Arunga G, Mwasi L, Murithi Mbabu R, Macharia JM, Breiman RF, Kariuki Njenga M, Katz MA
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Influenza and other respiratory viruses [Influenza Other Respir Viruses] 2013 Mar; Vol. 7 (2), pp. 113-9. Date of Electronic Publication: 2012 Apr 19.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00365.x
Abstrakt: Background: Surveillance for influenza viruses within live bird markets (LBMs) has been recognized as an effective tool for detecting circulating avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In Sub-Saharan Africa, limited data exist on AIVs in animal hosts, and in Kenya the presence of influenza virus in animal hosts has not been described.
Objectives: This surveillance project aimed to detect influenza A virus in poultry traded in five LBMs in Kenya.
Methods: We visited each market monthly and collected oropharyngeal and cloacal specimens from poultry and environmental specimens for virological testing for influenza A by real time RT-PCR. On each visit, we collected information on the number and types of birds in each market, health status of the birds, and market practices.
Results: During March 24, 2009-February 28, 2011, we collected 5221 cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs. Of the 5199 (99·6%) specimens tested, influenza A virus was detected in 42 (0·8%), including 35/4166 (0·8%) specimens from chickens, 3/381 (0·8%) from turkeys, and 4/335 (1·2%) from geese. None of the 317 duck specimens were positive. Influenza was more commonly detected in oropharyngeal [33 (1·3%)] than in cloacal [9 (0·4%)] specimens. None of the 485 environmental specimens were positive. Virus was detected in all five markets during most (14/22) of the months. Ducks and geese were kept longer at the market (median 30 days) than chickens (median 2days).
Conclusions: Influenza A was detected in a small percentage of poultry traded in LBMs in Kenya. Efforts should be made to promote practices that could limit the maintenance and transmission of AIVs in LBMs.
(© 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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