Plasma deoxysphingolipids: a novel class of biomarkers for the metabolic syndrome?

Autor: Othman A; Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland., Rütti MF, Ernst D, Saely CH, Rein P, Drexel H, Porretta-Serapiglia C, Lauria G, Bianchi R, von Eckardstein A, Hornemann T
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Diabetologia [Diabetologia] 2012 Feb; Vol. 55 (2), pp. 421-31. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Nov 29.
DOI: 10.1007/s00125-011-2384-1
Abstrakt: Aims/hypothesis: Sphingolipid synthesis is typically initiated by the conjugation of L-serine and palmitoyl-CoA, a reaction catalysed by serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). SPT can also metabolise other acyl-CoAs (C(12) to C(18)) and other amino acids such as L-alanine and glycine, giving rise to a spectrum of atypical sphingolipids. Here, we aimed to identify changes in plasma levels of these atypical sphingolipids to explore their potential as biomarkers in the metabolic syndrome and diabetes.
Methods: We compared the plasma profiles of ten sphingoid bases in healthy individuals with those of patients with the metabolic syndrome but not diabetes, and diabetic patients (n = 25 per group). The results were verified in a streptozotocin (STZ) rat model. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used.
Results: Deoxysphingolipids (dSLs) were significantly elevated (p = 5 × 10⁻⁶) in patients with the metabolic syndrome (0.11 ± 0.04 μmol/l) compared with controls (0.06 ± 0.02 μmol/l) but did not differ between the metabolic syndrome and diabetes groups. Levels of C(16)-sphingosine-based sphingolipids were significantly lowered in diabetic patients but not in patients with the metabolic syndrome but without diabetes (p = 0.008). Significantly elevated dSL levels were also found in the plasma and liver of STZ rats. A principal component analysis revealed a similar or even closer association of dSLs with diabetes and the metabolic syndrome in comparison with the established biomarkers.
Conclusions/interpretation: We showed that dSLs are significantly elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic metabolic syndrome compared with healthy controls. They may, therefore, be useful novel biomarkers to improve risk prediction and therapy monitoring in these patients.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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