Formulations combining CpG containing oliogonucleotides and poly I:C enhance the magnitude of immune responses and protection against pancreas disease in Atlantic salmon.

Autor: Strandskog G; Norwegian College of Fisheries Science, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway., Villoing S, Iliev DB, Thim HL, Christie KE, Jørgensen JB
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Developmental and comparative immunology [Dev Comp Immunol] 2011 Nov; Vol. 35 (11), pp. 1116-27. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Apr 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2011.03.016
Abstrakt: Both CpG oligodeoxynucleotides and double-stranded RNA (poly I:C) have documented effects as treatments against several viral diseases in fish. However, as stand-alone treatments their effects have been modest. We have tested here whether CpG and poly I:C, alone or in combination induce protection against Salmonid Alphavirus (SAV), the causative agent of pancreas disease in Atlantic salmon. Our results revealed a significant reduction of viraemia 2 weeks after ip injection of the combined treatment and 1 week after challenge with SAV subtype 3, followed by reduced SAV induced heart pathology 3 weeks later. The SAV titers in blood samples from the combination group were lower as compared to single treatments with either CpG or poly I:C. Surprisingly, reduced SAV levels could also be found in fish as long as 7 weeks after receiving the combination treatment. The expression of IFNγ and to a lesser extent IFNa and Mx was up-regulated in head kidney and spleen 5 days after the fish had been treated with CpG and poly I:C. Furthermore, the complement factor C4 was depleted in serum 8 weeks post treatment, suggesting complement activation leading to C4 consumption. We hypothesize that the CpG/poly I:C-induced protection against SAV3 is mediated by mechanisms involving type I and type II IFN induced antiviral activity and complement mediated protective responses.
(Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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