Tolerability of metronomic administration of lomustine in dogs with cancer.

Autor: Tripp CD; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA., Fidel J, Anderson CL, Patrick M, Pratt C, Sellon R, Bryan JN
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of veterinary internal medicine [J Vet Intern Med] 2011 Mar-Apr; Vol. 25 (2), pp. 278-84. Date of Electronic Publication: 2011 Feb 11.
DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0684.x
Abstrakt: Background: Metronomic chemotherapy with alkylating agents has been shown to suppress tumor angiogenesis and prevent tumor recurrence in some settings. The use of adjuvant lomustine (1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea) administered in a metronomic fashion has not been evaluated in dogs.
Hypothesis: Oral metronomic administration of lomustine will be well tolerated in dogs with spontaneously occurring malignant neoplasms.
Animals: Eighty-one dogs with naturally occurring primary or metastatic tumors received metronomic administration of lomustine.
Methods: Dogs were enrolled prospectively after cytological or histological diagnosis of a tumor that was unresectable, incompletely resected, refractory to chemotherapy, or metastatic. Dogs received once daily lomustine (2.84 mg/m² PO). End points of the trial were clinical, hematologic, or biochemical evidence of toxicosis, tumor progression, or death.
Results: Starting dosage (median) was 2.84 mg/m² PO daily and treatment duration was 98 days (median, range, 1-770 days). The drug was discontinued in 22 dogs because of toxicoses. Toxicoses occurred in 13 dogs with gastrointestinal toxicosis, 4 dogs with thrombocytopenia, 3 dogs with increased alanine transaminase, 1 dog with neutropenia, and 1 dog with progressive azotemia. Eight dogs developed some degree of azotemia during treatment. Hepatotoxicosis was observed at a median of 265 days in 11 dogs. Thrombocytopenia was identified at a median of 432 days of administration.
Conclusions and Clinical Importance: In dogs with metastatic or terminal neoplasms without renal compromise, metronomic administration of lomustine was well tolerated. This can provide a treatment strategy for dogs that do not have other standard-care treatment options, and warrants evaluation in primary therapy.
(Copyright © 2011 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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