Diet quality of preschoolers in Greece based on the Healthy Eating Index: the GENESIS study.

Autor: Manios Y; Departmentof Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El.Venizelou Ave, 17671 Kallithea, Athens, Greece. manios@hua.gr, Kourlaba G, Kondaki K, Grammatikaki E, Birbilis M, Oikonomou E, Roma-Giannikou E
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of the American Dietetic Association [J Am Diet Assoc] 2009 Apr; Vol. 109 (4), pp. 616-23.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.12.011
Abstrakt: Background: The current study aimed to assess the diet quality of Greek preschoolers and the potential role of several sociodemographic factors related to it.
Methods: A representative sample of 2,287 Greek children aged 2 to 5 years (from the Growth, Exercise, and Nutrition Epidemiological Study In preSchoolers) was used in this work. Dietary intake data was obtained using a combination of techniques comprising weighed food records, 24-hour recalls, and food diaries. A Healthy Eating Index (HEI) score was calculated summing the individual scores (0 to 10) assigned to each one of 10 index components.
Results: Eighty percent of participants had an HEI score <50 (ie, "poor" diet), 0.4% had an HEI score >80 (ie, "good" diet), and the overall mean HEI score was 59. HEI scores were significantly higher among boys, children aged 4 to 5 years, children participating in moderate to vigorous physical activities for more than 3 hours per week, children living in rural or small towns, and those whose mothers were employed and had higher educational status (>12 years). HEI score was also found to be strongly associated with several macronutrient and micronutrient intakes.
Conclusions: Based on HEI scores, the vast majority of Greek preschoolers was found to have a poor diet. Moreover, low HEI scores were associated with low levels of physical activity, low vegetable intake, high saturated fat intake, lower maternal educational level, and unemployment status.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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