[Present situation of hepatitis B in Chile].

Autor:	Pereira S A; División de Epidemiología, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile. apereira@med.uchile.cl, Valenzuela B MT, Mora J, Vera L
Jazyk:	Spanish; Castilian
Zdroj:	Revista medica de Chile [Rev Med Chil] 2008 Jun; Vol. 136 (6), pp. 725-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2008 Aug 26.
DOI:	/S0034-98872008000600006
Abstrakt:	Background: Hepatitis B virus infection generates carriers and 8% will evolve to a chronic phase. Aim: To perform a compilation of studies on hepatitis B in Chile and other sources of information to estimate the impact of this disease in our country. Material and Methods: Published and unpublished evidence about the infection, in the general population and risk groups in our country, was compiled and reviewed critically. Informal interviews with experts, revision of the mandatory notification book of the Ministry of Health and collection of data from laboratories that study hepatitis B virus, were also carried out. Results: The seroprevalence of chronic carriers in blood donors is nearly O.3%. Among risk groups such as health care personnel, the figure is O.7%, among homosexuals 29%, among HIV positive patients 30%, among sexual workers 2% and among children with chronic hemodialysis, 9%. Prevalence rate according to notified cases in 2004 was 1.8 x 100,000 inhabitants. Detection of viral hepatitis B surface antigen in laboratories occurs in 0.2% of donors and 1.396 of non donors. Conclusions: The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus, the lack of notification, and the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine to our Regular Program of Immunizations, are arguments to develop in Chile a hepatitis B and C surveillance system.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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