| Abstrakt: |
Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of death in most highly developed countries. According to the WHO, more than 17 million people in the world die of cardiovascular pathology (CVP) annually; of them, more than seven million die of CAD. For the medical service of Russian Federation Armed Forces, CAD and atherosclerosis present an important problem due to their prevalence in military men leading to high levels of morbidity, mortality, labor losses, disability, dismiss rate and disqualification of highly professional officers and generals. Certain factors of military service and extreme factors have been found to increase CAD risk. Until now, the incidence and prevalence of initial forms of CAD in military men of dangerous professions have been studied insufficiently. In order to investigate the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis (ASCS), the effects of risk factors (RF), and prognostication of its development, 267 military men, including 14 men of dangerous professions (pilots, navigators, command post operators), and 153 engineers, technicians and supply officers were examined at Military Hospital No7, Mandryk Military Hospital No 2, and four units of a Space Forces division. The clinico-functional examination revealed ASCS in 53 or 19.8% of the servicemen; its rate increased with age. Only a few cases of ASCS were found in subjects aged less than 30 years; a significant increase in ASCS frequency was noted in 41- to 50-year-old subjects (29.8%); between 51 and 60 years old ASCS was found in 32% of the subjects, which meant only a 2.2% increase vs. the previous age group. Possibly, this could be connected with the fact that at this age initial signs of initial forms of CAD, including ASCS in military men of dangerous professions depended not only on age, conventional RF of CAD, but on occupational hazardous factors as well. Lipid exchange disorder is an important RF for the development and progress of various CVP, CAD in the first place. Timely and correct diagnostics and interpretation of an altered lipid profile as well as assessment of concomitant cardiovascular RF are necessary conditions to organize rational prophylaxis of the most important CVP. |
