Rapid HIV testing and prevention of perinatal HIV transmission in high-risk maternity hospitals in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Autor: Kissin DM; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. DKissin@cdc.gov, Akatova N, Rakhmanova AG, Vinogradova EN, Voronin EE, Jamieson DJ, Glynn MK, Yakovlev A, Robinson J, Miller WC, Hillis S
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of obstetrics and gynecology [Am J Obstet Gynecol] 2008 Feb; Vol. 198 (2), pp. 183.e1-7.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.09.005
Abstrakt: Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid testing (RT) program.
Study Design: From April 13, 2004, to April 13, 2005, pregnant women at 2 high-risk maternity hospitals with no or incomplete HIV testing results (negative tests at <34 weeks, none thereafter) were offered point-of-care RT, with antiretroviral prophylaxis for RT-positive women and their infants.
Results: Overall, 89.2% of eligible women (3671/4117) underwent RT, of whom 90.4% received results before delivery. HIV seroprevalence among all women who underwent RT was 2.7% (100/3671 women); among previously untested women, seroprevalence was 6.5% (90/1375 women); the incidence of HIV seroconversion among women with previous negative tests during pregnancy was 0.4% (10/2296 women). After adjustment, the main predictor of receiving RT results after delivery was late admission. Among HIV-exposed infants, 97.9% (92/94) received prophylaxis; 61.7% (58/94) had available follow-up data, and 8.6% (5/58) met criteria for definitive or presumptive HIV infection.
Conclusion: The RT program achieved timely detection of HIV-infected women in labor with unknown HIV status and effectively prevented perinatal HIV transmission.
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: