| Abstrakt: |
The authors studied the effects of anesthesia with equipotential concentrations of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane plus 33% O2 on central hemodynamics, coronary flow, and myocardial metabolism in 60 patients undergoing myocardial revascularization surgery. The study found that halothane and isoflurane with 33% O2 caused dose-dependent and well-controlled arterial hypotension and decreased left ventricular (LV) stroke work index, myocardial consumption of O2 MCO2), total peripheral vascular resistance, and coronary vascular resistance (CVR), which increased coronary volume flow. Monoanesthesia with enflurane lowered myocardial contractility and did not change LV work; MCO2 decreased, while coronary sinus flow increased due to a decrease in CVR. Thus, the comparison of hemodynamic and myocardial effects of the three potent inhaled anesthetics--halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane - demonstrated their positive effects on myocardial oxygen balance in a form of dosed and controlled decrease in its work in cardiological patients with preserved LV contractility. The imported anesthetics enflurane and isoflurane do not have any significant advantage over the Russian-made halothane in this category of patients. At the same time, halothane vs. enflurane has a more noticeable "unloading" effect on afterload and does not cause convulsive episodes and periods of cerebral activity depression; in contrast to isoflurane, halothane dose not cause metabolic disturbances in a compromised myocardium; halothane is used in lower inhaled concentrations to achieve the same degree of myocardial work decrease without a substantial decrease in cardiac efficiency. These facts suggest that halothane has a practical advantage over the other anesthetics. |
