Voluntary rapid human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in jails.

Autor:	Macgowan R; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. rmacgowan@cdc.gov, Margolis A, Richardson-Moore A, Wang T, Lalota M, French PT, Stodola J, McKeever J, Carrel J, Mullins J, Llanas M, Griffiths SD
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Sexually transmitted diseases [Sex Transm Dis] 2009 Feb; Vol. 36 (2 Suppl), pp. S9-13.
DOI:	10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318148b6b1
Abstrakt:	Objectives: To provide human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid testing to persons in jails, identify previously undiagnosed cases of HIV infection, and refer HIV-infected inmates to care, treatment, and prevention services. Design: Four state health departments (Florida, Louisiana, New York, and Wisconsin) collaborated with jails to implement stand-alone voluntary rapid HIV testing programs. Inmates requested or were referred by medical staff for rapid HIV testing. HIV testing was provided by the health department, correctional facility, or a community-based organization. Inmates whose rapid test was reactive were offered confirmatory testing, medical evaluation, prevention services, and discharge planning. Results: From December 2003 through May 2006, rapid HIV testing was provided to 33,211 inmates, more than 99.9% of whom received their test results. Most of the inmates tested were male (79%), black (58%), and less than 35 years of age (60%). A total of 440 (1.3%) rapid HIV tests were reactive, and 409 (1.2%) of the results were confirmed positive. The testing programs identified 269 (0.8%) previously undiagnosed cases of HIV infection. In the multivariate analyses, new HIV diagnoses were associated with race/ethnicity, report of risky behaviors, and with no report of HIV risk behavior. Almost 40% of diagnoses were for inmates whose only reported risk was heterosexual contact. Conclusions: Rapid HIV testing in jails identified a considerable number of previously undiagnosed cases of HIV infection. Rapid HIV testing should be available to all inmates, regardless of whether inmates reported HIV risky behaviors.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu