| Autor: |
Cirillo J; Institute of Biology, Department of Behavioural Biology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany. nimsaj@zedat.fu-berlin.de |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias [An Acad Bras Cienc] 2004 Jun; Vol. 76 (2), pp. 413-23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2004 Jun 08. |
| DOI: |
10.1590/s0001-37652004000200034 |
| Abstrakt: |
Most studies on whispering deal with its production and perception, neglecting its communicative role. I have focused on this, especially some social and psychobiological objectives. I have combined a general inquiry into the use of unvoiced speech with stimulus-response experiments on particular signal properties. (1) Analyses of answers to queries revealed that judgments about whispering depend on the social contexts. In the private domain it plays a clearly positive role, but in the public domain it is more problematical. Two causative factors were identified as relevant: (a) an 'ingroup' function of whispering which could induce negative 'outgroup' effects in co-listeners, and (b) a psychobiological component of whispering which could affect the auditory vigilance of co-listeners who were not addressed personally by the signaling, but often wanted to understand a whispered message. (2) Analyses of experimental data confirmed the relevance of these factors. Additionally, they showed that unvoiced speech has a limited transmission range, and is easily masked by background noise. Taken together, the results suggest that whispering is explained best as a close-distance signal adapted for private use among partners. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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