Natural hybridization between diploid Ficaria calthifolia and tetraploid Ficaria verna subsp. verna in central Europe : evidence from morphology, ecology and life-history traits.
| Autor: | Popelka, Ondřej |
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| Další autoři: |
Trávníček, Bohumil, 1963-
Duchoslav, Martin, 1971-
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Předmět: |
cibule
průtoková cytometrie fenologie onions flow cytometry phenology články journal articles kontaktní zóna ekologická diferenciace Ficaria calthifolia Ficaria ×sellii Ficaria verna subsp. verna hybridizace multivariační morfometrika životaschopnost pylu polyploidie taxonomie contact zone ecological differentiation hybridization multivariate morphometrics pollen viability polyploidy taxonomy |
| Druh dokumentu: | Non-fiction |
| ISSN: | 0032-7786 |
| Abstrakt: | Abstract: a1_The genus Ficaria is a taxonomically intricate group in which polyploidization and hybridization contribute to taxa diversification. In central Europe, populations of diploid F. calthifolia and tetraploid F. verna subsp. verna occasionally come into contact, which results in an interspecific triploid hybrid, as recently demonstrated using molecular markers, genome size estimation and experimental crossing. In this study, we aimed to estimate the frequency and distribution of the triploid hybrid in central Europe, to identify those phenotypic traits that can be used to discriminate between hybrid and parental taxa and compare the phenology, pollen viability, sexual and asexual reproduction and niche differentiation of the triploid hybrid and parental taxa. Flowcytometry analyses of 1171 individuals sampled from 67 localities revealed that triploid hybrids were regularly found at 89% of the sites sampled where there were sympatric populations of both parental taxa, with a mean percentage of 19.4% occurring at sites where there was a mixture of cytotypes. No pure hybrid population was found. The hybrids were intermediate between the parental taxa in most morphological characters and did not show any novelmorphological characters. The characters that best differentiate the taxonomic groups were the production of axillary bulbils, aborted and well-developed achenes, leaf shape and plant habit. Almost all hybrids were sexually sterile: the pollen viability was considerably reduced (mean 8.4%) and on average 98% of the achenes were aborted. Local dispersal of the hybrids is possible through the production of bulbils in the leaf axils, although the number of bulbils per node and the mean weight of one bulbil were two and three times lower in the hybrid than in F. verna subsp. verna. The hybrid niche was intermediate between those of the parental taxa but shifted slightly towards that of F. |
| Databáze: | Katalog Knihovny AV ČR |
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