Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter: Association with Nonaccidental and Cardiovascular Mortality in the Agricultural Health Study Cohort.

Autor: Weichenthal, Scott1,2 scott.weichenthal@hc-sc.gc.ca, Villeneuve, Paul J.3,4, Burnett, Richard T.3, Donkelaar, Aaron van5, Martin, Randall V.6, Jones, Rena R.7, DellaValle, Curt T.7, Sandler, Dale P., Ward, Mary H.7, Hoppin, Jane A.8
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Zdroj: Environmental Health Perspectives. Jun2014, Vol. 122 Issue 6, p609-615. 7p. 3 Charts, 1 Graph, 1 Map.
Abstrakt: BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the relationship between long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM[sub 2.5]) and nonaccidental mortality in rural populations. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between PM[sub 2.5 ]and nonaccidental and cardiovascular mortality in the U.S. Agricultural Health Study cohort. METHODS: The cohort (n = 83,378) included farmers, their spouses, and commercial pesticide applicators residing primarily in Iowa and North Carolina. Deaths occurring between enrollment (1993-1997) and 30 December 2009 were identified by record linkage. Six-year average (2001-2006) remote-sensing derived estimates of PM[sub 2.5 ]were assigned to participants' residences at enrollment, and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) in relation to a 10-μg/m3 increase in PM[sub 2.5 ]adjusted for individual-level covariates. RESULTS: In total, 5,931 nonaccidental and 1,967 cardiovascular deaths occurred over a median follow-up time of 13.9 years. PM[sub 2.5 ]was not associated with nonaccidental mortality in the cohort as a whole (HR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.20), but consistent inverse relationships were observed among women. Positive associations were observed between ambient PM[sub 2.5 ]and cardiovascular mortality among men, and these associations were strongest among men who did not move from their enrollment address (HR = 1.63; 95% 0.94, 2.84). In particular, cardiovascular mortality risk in men was significantly increased when analyses were limited to nonmoving participants with the most precise exposure geocoding (HR = 1.87; 95% CI: 1.04, 3.36). CONCLUSIONS: Rural PM[sub 2.5 ]may be associated with cardiovascular mortality in men; however, similar associations were not observed among women. Further evaluation is required to explore these sex differences. CITATION: Weichenthal S, Villeneuve PJ, Burnett RT, van Donkelaar A, Martin RV, Jones RR, DellaValle CT, Sandler DP, Ward MH, Hoppin JA. 2014. Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter: association with nonaccidental and cardiovascular mortality in the Agricultural Health Study Cohort. Environ Health Perspect 122:609-615; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1307277 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze: GreenFILE
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