Health impacts from TRAPs and carbon emissions in the projected electric vehicle growth and energy generation mix scenarios in Malaysia.

Autor: Kwan, Soo Chen1 (AUTHOR), Zakaria, Sazalina binti2 (AUTHOR), Ibrahim, Mohd Faiz3 (AUTHOR), Wan Mahiyuddin, Wan Rozita4 (AUTHOR), Md Sofwan, Nurzawani5 (AUTHOR), A Wahab, Muhammad Ikram1 (AUTHOR), Ahmad, Radin Diana R.2 (AUTHOR), Abbas, Ahmad Rosly2 (AUTHOR), Woon, Wei Kian6 (AUTHOR), Sahani, Mazrura1 (AUTHOR) mazrura@ukm.edu.my
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Zdroj: Environmental Research. Jan2023:Part 2, Vol. 216, pN.PAG-N.PAG. 1p.
Abstrakt: Road transport contributes over 70% of air pollution in urban areas and is the second largest contributor to the total carbon dioxide emissions in Malaysia at 21% in 2016. Transport-related air pollutants (TRAPs) such as NO x , SO 2 , CO and particulate matter (PM) pose significant threats to the urban population's health. Malaysia has targeted to deploy 885,000 EV cars on the road by 2030 in the Low Carbon Mobility Blueprint (LCMB). This study aims to quantify the health co-benefits of electric vehicle adoption from their impacts on air quality in Malaysia. Two EV uptake projections, i.e. LCMB and Revised EV Adoption (REVA) projections, and five electricity generation mix scenarios were modelled up to 2040. We used comparative health risk assessment to estimate the potential changes in mortality and burden of diseases (BoD) from the emissions in each scenario. Intake fractions and exposure-risk functions were used to calculate the burden from respiratory diseases (PM 2.5 , NO x , SO 2 , CO), cardiovascular diseases and lung cancer (PM 2.5). Results showed that along with a net reduction of carbon emissions across all scenarios, there could be reduced respiratory mortality from NO x by 10,200 mortality (176,200 DALYs) and SO 2 by 2600 mortality (45,400 DALYs) per year in 2040. However, there could also be additional 719 mortality (9900 DALYs) per year from PM 2.5 and 329 mortality (5600 DALYs) from CO per year. The scale of reduction in mortality and BoD from NO x and SO 2 are significantly larger than the scale of increase from PM 2.5 and CO, indicating potential net positive health impacts from the EV adoption in the scenarios. The health cost savings from the reduced BoD of respiratory mortality could reach up to RM 7.5 billion per year in 2040. In conclusion, EV is a way forward in promoting a healthy and sustainable future transport in Malaysia. • Malaysia aims to adopt electric vehicles (EV) in Low Carbon Mobility Blueprint. • Respiratory mortality could be reduced by up to 10,200 mortality (176,200 DALYs). • Reduced net NO 2 emissions could avoid 31 deaths per 100,000 population per year. • Higher renewable energy in generation mix will be most beneficial to health. • EV is a way forward to replace the more polluting internal combustion engine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze: GreenFILE
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