| Abstrakt: |
(1) Research purpose: Rural settlements in the southwestern mountainous areas of China are convenient for nearby farming, which are scattered with the scattered land. The spatial correlation between rural settlements and cultivated lands is quantitatively analyzed in this study. (2) Research methods: Landscape index and kernel density are used to analyze the spatial differentiation characteristics of rural settlements and cultivated lands and the global Moran's I coefficient is used to analyze the spatial autocorrelation. (3) Results: a) 94.05% in quantity and 62.69% in area of rural settlement patch are less than 5000 m²; 83.29% in quantity and 86.13% in area of rural settlement patch are less than 100 m; 94.13% in quantity and 95.15% in area of rural settlement patch are within 200 m. The high-density areas of rural settlement patch are showed a "northeast to southwest" spatial distribution. b) The cultivated land patch with an area of less than 250,000 m2 account for 95.02% of the total, while in terms of area, the cultivated land patch only account for 34.30% of the total. However, the cultivated land patch with an area of 250,000-2500,000 m² account for 4.98% of the total, while in terms of area, the cultivated land patch account for 65.70% of the total. 78.48% in quantity and 93.93% in area of cultivated land patch are not more than 50 m. The high-density areas of cultivated land patch are showed a "north-east to southwest" spatial distribution. c) The patch areas of rural settlements and cultivated lands show significant global spatial autocorrelation in different bandwidths (200 m, 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 m and 2000 m). However, as the distance bandwidth increases, the spatial autocorrelation of the patch areas in rural settlements is gradually decreasing. And the patch areas of cultivated lands have spatial autocorrelation from the negative to the positive and the spatial autocorrelation gradually increases. (4) Conclusions: a) The rural settlements and cultivated lands have small patch areas. They are local agglomerated. The spatial dispersion is relatively uniform. The high-density areas of the patch show a similar spatial distribution. b) Although there are significant global spatial autocorrelations between patch area of rural settlements and cultivated lands in poor mountainous areas, the regularity of change is opposite: When the distance of bandwidth increases, the spatial autocorrelation of rural settlement patch decreases while the spatial autocorrelation of cultivated land patch areas changes from negative to positive and gradually increases; the spatial autocorrelation of patch area of rural settlements and cultivated lands at different distances is respectively related with the daily interpersonal distance (smaller scale) and geological status type variation (larger scale). c) Rural settlements and cultivated lands are the cores of the rural system between human and land, involving agriculture and economic and social fundamentals. They should be considered globally in the rural revitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
