Air Pollution, Clustering of Particulate Matter Components, and Breast Cancer in the Sister Study: A U.S.-Wide Cohort.

Autor: White, Alexandra J.1 Alexandra.white@nih.gov, Keller, Joshua P.2, Zhao, Shanshan3, Carroll, Rachel4, Kaufman, Joel D.5, Sandler, Dale P.1
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Zdroj: Environmental Health Perspectives. Oct2019, Vol. 127 Issue 10, p107002-1-107002-9. 9p.
Abstrakt: Background: Particulate matter (PM) is a comp lex mixture. Geograp hic variations in PM may exp lain the lack of consistent associations with breast " color:blue;" >cancer. Objective: We aimed to evaluate the relationship between air p ollution, PM comp onents, and breast cancer risk in a United States-wide p rosp ective " color:blue;" >cohort. Methods: We estimated annual average ambient residential levels of p articulate matter <2.5 p m and <10 p m in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5 and PM10, resp ectively) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using land-use regression for 47,433 Sister Study p articip ants (breast " color:blue;" >cancer-free women with a sister with breast cancer) living in the contiguous United States. Cox p rop ortional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% " color:blue;" >con- fidence intervals (Cis) for risk associated with an interquartile " color:blue;" >range (IQR) increase in p ollutants. Predictive £-means were used to assign p articip ants to clusters derived from " color:blue;" >PM2.5 comp onent p rofiles to evaluate the imp act of heterogeneity in the " color:blue;" >PM2.5 mixture. For " color:blue;" >PM2.5, we investigated effect measure modification by comp onent cluster membership and by geograp hic region without regard to air p ollution mixture. Results: During follow-up (mean = 8.4y), 2,225 invasive and 623 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) cases were identified. PM2.5 and NO2 were associated with breast cancer " color:blue;" >over all " color:blue;" >[HR= " color:blue;" >1.05 (95% CI:0.99, 1.11) and 1.06 (95% " color:blue;" >CI: " color:blue;" >1.02, " color:blue;" >1.11), " color:blue;" >resp ectively] " color:blue;" >and with " color:blue;" >DCIS " color:blue;" >but " color:blue;" >not " color:blue;" >with " color:blue;" >invasive cancer. Invasive breast cancer was associated with " color:blue;" >PM2.5 only in the Western United States " color:blue;" >[HR " color:blue;" >=1.14 (95% " color:blue;" >CI: " color:blue;" >1.02,1.27)] and NO2 only in the Southern United States " color:blue;" >[HR " color:blue;" >=1.16 (95% " color:blue;" >CI: " color:blue;" >1.01, " color:blue;" >1.33)]. " color:blue;" >PM2.5 " color:blue;" >was " color:blue;" >associated " color:blue;" >with " color:blue;" >a " color:blue;" >higher " color:blue;" >risk " color:blue;" >of " color:blue;" >invasive " color:blue;" >breast " color:blue;" >cancer " color:blue;" >among " color:blue;" >two " color:blue;" >of " color:blue;" >seven " color:blue;" >identified comp osition- " color:blue;" >based clusters. A higher risk was observed " color:blue;" >[HR " color:blue;" >= " color:blue;" >1.25 " color:blue;" >(95% " color:blue;" >CI: " color:blue;" >0.97, " color:blue;" >1.60)] " color:blue;" >in " color:blue;" >a " color:blue;" >Ca lifornia-based " color:blue;" >cluster " color:blue;" >characterized " color:blue;" >by " color:blue;" >low " color:blue;" >S and " color:blue;" >high " color:blue;" >Na and nitrate " color:blue;" >(NO3" ) fractions and for another Western United States cluster " color:blue;" >[HR " color:blue;" >= " color:blue;" >1.60 (95% CI: " color:blue;" >0.90, 2.85)], characterized by high fractions of Si, Ca, K, and Al. Conclusion: Air p ollution measures were related to both invasive breast cancer and DCIS within certain geograp hic regions and PM comp onent " color:blue;" >clusters, http s://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5131 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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