| Autor: |
da Silva Santos, Niedja1, Oliveira, Rhaul2,3,4, Lisboa, Carolina Almeida2, Mona e Pinto, Joana2, Sousa-Moura, Diego2, Camargo, Níchollas Serafim5, Perillo, Vitória2, Oliveira, Miguel1 migueloliveira@ua.pt, Grisolia, Cesar Koppe2, Domingues, Inês1 |
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| Zdroj: |
Ecotoxicology & Environmental Safety. Nov2018, Vol. 164, p297-304. 8p. |
| Abstrakt: |
Abstract Carbamazepine (Cbz), one of the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in the world is often detected in surface waters and sediments. However, few studies addressed its chronic effects in fish. In the present study, Danio rerio adults were exposed for 63 days to Cbz (0 - control, 10 μg L−1 - concentration found in effluents, and 10,000 μg L−1 − 5% of LC 50 at 72 h). Assessed endpoints were: feeding behavior, growth rate, number of eggs produced and their viability, histological alterations in female gonads, and biochemical biomarkers associated with antioxidant defenses (catalase - CAT, and glutathione S -transferase – GST activities), neurotransmission (acetylcholinesterase activity - AChE) and metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase - LDH). Cbz exposure increased the total time for food intake but did not affect D. rerio growth. Although the total number of eggs was not affected by Cbz exposure, the eggs viability was significantly impaired. Exposure to Cbz caused alterations in the female gonads follicular stages. In terms of biochemical endpoints, CAT activity in liver and gills, was sensitive to the pharmaceutical exposure presenting a decreased activity. AChE activity was induced in the head (both concentrations) and muscle (10,000 μg L−1). GST activity was increased in gills (both concentrations) but inhibited in the intestine. Concerning LDH, enzymatic activity was increased in the liver and decreased in muscle and gills. Several of the above-mentioned effects can be directly linked with effects at population level (e.g. feeding behavior) and occurred at environmental concentrations (the lowest concentration tested), thus serious concerns regarding risks posed by Cbz residues to fish populations arise with this study. Highlights • Chronic toxicity of carbamazepine (Cbz) was evaluated using adult zebrafish. • Cbz induced feeding disorders (longer times to complete feeding). • Tissue specific responses were observed for AChE, LDH, GST and CAT activities. • Eggs from exposed parents presented decreased viability. • Cbz affected the stage of maturation of follicles in the female gonads. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
GreenFILE |
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Full Text from ScienceDirect