Dietary Supplementation with Olive Oil or Fish Oil and Vascular Effects of Concentrated Ambient Particulate Matter Exposure in Human Volunteers.

Autor:	Tong, Haiyan¹ tong.haiyan@epa.gov, Rappold, Ana G¹, Caughey, Melissa², Hinderliter, Alan L², Bassett, Maryann¹, Montilla, Tracey, Case, Martin W¹, Berntsen, Jon³, Bromberg, Philip A², Cascio, Wayne E¹, Diaz-Sanchez, David¹, Devlin, Robert B¹, Samet, James M¹
Předmět:	Biomarkers Environmental exposure *Particulate matter Dietary supplements Academic medical centers Analysis of variance Blood pressure measurement Vascular diseases Cell physiology Confidence intervals Endothelins Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Epithelial cells Fibrinolysis Fish oils Inflammation Longitudinal method Olive oil Probability theory Research funding Tissue plasminogen activator Brachial artery Vasoconstriction Pre-tests & post-tests Data analysis software Descriptive statistics Odds ratio Therapeutics
Zdroj:	Environmental Health Perspectives. Nov2015, Vol. 123 Issue 11, p1173-1179. 7p. 2 Charts, 3 Graphs.
Abstrakt:	BACKGROUND: Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) induces endothelial dysfunction, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Olive oil (OO) and fish oil (FO) supplements have beneficial effects on endothelial function. OBJECTIVE: In this study we evaluated the potential efficacy of OO and FO in mitigating endothelial dysfunction and disruption of hemostasis caused by exposure to particulate matter (PM). METHODS AND RESULTS: Forty-two participants (58 ± 1 years of age) received either 3 g/day of OO or FO, or no supplements (naive) for 4 weeks prior to undergoing 2-hr exposures to filtered air and concentrated ambient particulate matter (CAP; mean, 253 ± 16 µg/m³). Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery preexposure, immediately postexposure, and 20 hr postexposure. Levels of endothelin-1 and markers of fibrinolysis and inflammation were also measured. The FMD was significantly lower after CAP exposure in the naive (-19.4%; 95% CI: -36.4, -2.3 per 100 µg/m³ CAP relative to baseline; p = 0.03) and FO groups (-13.7%; 95% CI: -24.5, -2.9; p = 0.01), but not in the OO group (-7.6%; 95% CI: --21.5, 6.3; p = 0.27). Tissue plasminogen activator levels were significantly increased immediately after (11.6%; 95% CI: 0.8, 22.2; p = 0.04) and 20 hr after CAP exposure in the OO group. Endothelin-1 levels were significantly increased 20 hr after CAP exposure in the naive group only (17.1%; 95% CI: 2.2, 32.0;p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to CAP induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. OO supplementation attenuated CAP-induced reduction of FMD and changes in blood markers associated with vasoconstriction and fibrinolysis, suggesting that OO supplementation may be an efficacious intervention to protect against vascular effects of exposure to PM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze:	GreenFILE
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