Application of saponin extract from agricultural by-products to remove pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables
| Autor: | Wei-Han Hsu, 許巍瀚 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 107 Diet is an indispensable part of daily life. Except for tasty, food safety is the chief consideration for dietary. High percentage of vegetables and fruits (an average of 30%) consumption in the total food intake every day. Vegetables and fruits may contain harmful substances such as pesticides that could lead to several complications such as skin irritation, endocrine disorders, brain and nervous system poisoning, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurological disorders, birth defects, and fertility problems. Okara and camellia seed cake, the by-product of agricultural products, contain many ingredients such as saponins. Saponins compose of a lipid-soluble aglycone and water soluble sugar that can be used as surfactant. The current research proves that saponins have antimicrobial, antifungal, antiparasitic and molluscicidal activities. However, the effect of removing pesticide residues from fruits and vegetables remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the ability of removing pesticide residues, as well as their effects on indicator bacteria and color appearance in fruits and vegetables by using soybean by-product extracts (SBE) and camellia seed cake extracts (CSE). Our results showed that the total saponin content of okara and camellia seed cake was 40.32 ± 1.50 mg/g and 216.49 ± 0.79 mg/g, respectively. The pesticide residues sprayed on fruits and vegetables (bok choy, sweet potato leaves, spoon cabbage, Chinese kale, spinach, Fushan lettuce, jujube, wax apple and lemon) were effectively dislodged by 0.1 mg/mL SBE or CSE washing and better than general tap water washing or commercial detergents. Besides, the total plate count of bacteria and coliform was reduced by SBE and CSE washing. Moreover, the color appearance analysis of fruits and vegetables was not affected by the treatment. In accordance with the calculation of the food intake of the Nutrition And Health Survey in Taiwan, the acute and chronic hazard quotients (HQ) were reduced in a safe range after SBE and CSE washing for both adults and children. Taken together, SBE and CSE washing showed excellent ability in reducing pesticide residues and inhibiting indicator bacteria than general tap water washing and commercial detergents, indicating the potential of SBE and CSE for further development. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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