The effect of wind and structure of different age forests and different sites in the northeastern of Taiwan
| Autor: | Lin, Shin-Yu, 林鑫余 |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 104 Old-growth forests are forests at late-succession stages that do not experience stand replacing disturbance for at least 150-200 years. Old-growth forests plays an important role on stabilizing ecosystems. The Fushan Experimental Forest (FEF) of northeastern of Taiwan, has not experienced large-scale anthropogenic disturbance for at least 300-400 years so that can be considered as an old-growth forest. Yet, literature and field observation indicate that FEF has a smaller amount of rare snags and logs compared to other old-growth forests. The canopy height FEF is shorter than nearby forest located at leeward side of the Snow Mountain. It also has more but smaller gaps compared to many mature forests and light availability is not different between gap and non-gap understory. Typhoon disturbance likely plays a key role in characterizing the structure of FEF which is distinctively different from commonly conceived for old-growth forests. Many of the structure features of FEF seem to be more similar to those of forests at earlier succession stages. In this study, I compare and contrast the structure of the FEF and a nearby 80-yr forest via both meta-analysis and field survey. I also locate a secondary forest in Hapen that is located 10 km further from the eastern coast than Fushan, to compare and contrast their structural differences in relation to successional stages and typhoon disturbance. The results indicate that the amount of woody debris at FEF is larger compared to the nearby 80-yr forest. The proportions of different components of woody debris also differ between the two forests. But FEF is similar in canopy height, stem density, and aboveground biomass to the nearby 80-yr forest. The basal area at FEF is lower than the nearby 80-yr forest. Compared to the two stands at Fushan, the hapen forest has higher canopy and lower wood density, probably caused by the different severity of typhoon disturbance. The three forests all have smaller amounts of woody debris compared most mature forests around the globe may be characteristic to subtropical forests of eastern Asia. The two 2015 typhoons added 4-5 gaps in Fushan forests, compared to none recorded in the Hapen forest. The secondary forest in Fushan and Happen both have greater mortality than FEF. The results suggest that distance relative to the typhoon routes and successional stage both play an important role in charactering forest structure and that all the forests experiencing frequent typhoon disturbance have low typhoon-induced mortality. The result from this study might be used to predict structural changes of forests that are experiencing increasing rates and intensity of tropical cyclone disturbance as a result of climate change. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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