Exploring Gender-Differentiated Model of Depression: A Prospective Study on Stress, Mastery, and Rumination Style in Taiwanese Adolescents
| Autor: | Hung-Ru Chen, 陳弘儒 |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 103 Introduction: Change of gender differences of depression arises prominently in adolescents from 12-15 years old. Previous research points out that stressors, mastery, and rumination play important roles in this phenomenon; but few studies try to integrate the relationship among above-mentioned variables and build a concrete model. The present study will not only analyze gender differences in stressors, mastery, rumination and depression symptoms, but also integrate these variables into a stress process model. The stress process model used to dissect stress into three categories including primary stressors, moderating resources and mental health outcomes—depression. In present study, primary stressors will be divided into interpersonal and non-interpersonal categories; moderating resources include mastery and rumination, which will be divided into brooding and reflection. The study will focus on exploring the interplay between different types of stressors and moderating resources, and examining how they will affect adolescents’ depression symptoms. Purpose: By integrating above-mentioned variables that play important roles in affecting the gender difference of depression, the present study aims to understand the mechanisms behind depression of boys and girls. It may help further infer the difference between depressed and non-depressed persons, and as a springboard, may then help to develop adequate clinical intervention. Method: Study 1 and Study 2 examined psychometric properties of the Mastery Scale Chinese version (MS-C) and Children’s Depression Inventory 2 nd Inventory_Taiwan Version (CDI2_TW) with a sample of 466 junior high school students. Study 3 examined the relationships among stress (i.e., interpersonal/non-interpersonal stressors), rumination (brooding/reflection), mastery and depression symptoms in different gender to validate the Gender-Differentiated Model of Depression which was developed from stress process model. Results: The results indicate that: (1) The MS-C and CDI2_TW yielded good psychometric properties. Moreover, the MS-C scores correlated significantly and negatively with CDI2_TW. (2) Girls’ non-interpersonal stressor, brooding/reflection rumination, depression symptoms were significantly higher than boys’, but there was no significant difference in interpersonal stressor and mastery. (3) Girls’ brooding rumination significantly predicted depression symptoms. Regardless of gender, reflection rumination negatively but not significantly predicted depression symptoms. (4) Regardless of gender, mastery significantly negatively predicted depression symptoms. (5) If the stressor was more annoyed, girls would simultaneously use brooding/reflection rumination in response to stress; and boys would take different types of rumination to cope with stress dependent on the types of stressors, i.e., coping with interpersonal stress by brooding rumination. Discussion: Based on the above findings, the Gender-Differentiated Model of Depression will be compared to Nolen-Hoeksema et al’s gender different hypothesis. Possible applications and future directions are also addressed. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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