Molecular phylogeny and reproductive biology of moray eels (Muraenidae) around Taiwan
| Autor: | Kar-Hoe Loh, 羅嘉豪 |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Druh dokumentu: | 學位論文 ; thesis |
| Popis: | 97 The resources of moray eels are many kind and rich around Taiwan. Nowadays, a total of 67 Taiwanese muraenid species belonging to 14 genera and 2 subfamilies are recognized. Over one third moray eels species in the world had been recorded in Taiwan. Taiwan could be the hot spot with rich species diversity of moray eels in the world. A total of 55 muraenid species belonging to 13 genera and 2 subfamilies are recognized in this research, they include a newly recorded genus Enchelynassa, 8 new records: Anarchias cantonensis, A. galapagensis, Enchelynassa canina, G. fuscomaculatus, G. elegans, G. intesi, G. phasmatodes, G. sagmacephalus, and 3 sp. (Enchelycore sp1, Gymnothorax sp1, G. sp2). And also recorded an exotic, freshwater moray, G. tile. Therefore this research identify was based on the morphological classification, using the mtDNA ND5, COI and cyt b gene sequence to analysis and reconstruction the phylogeny relationships and so on does for the taxonomic phylogeny tree. According to the different area section sequence analysis, the posterior sequence of ND5 gene maybe meaning full in the heredity, to be the major reason to effect the phylogeny tree being. So, the future research for the phylogeny relationships can be start in the posterior sequence of ND5 gene. Both neighbor-joining, parsimony analyses and Bayesian inference revealed comparable results and are generally congruent with those of morphological studies, the analysis indicated that there were two clades, Muraeninae and Uropterygiinae. Our results also suggest that ND5, COI and cyt b gene sequencing can be used to identify moray eels species effectively. Gymnomuraena zebra relationship divergence was the farthest in all moray eel subfamily Muraeninae. The morphology which origin of dorsal fin far back, shortly before anus of G. fuscomaculatus, and the ND5 gene sequence relationship analysis indicated also support the both relationship were farther in the genus of Gymnothorax, it may be separateness to be a new genus in the future research. The NJ, MP relationship tree of both ND5 and COI gene sequencing results indicated the relationship of genus are complicated in Muraeninae. The results of relationship tree also indicated Echidna nebulosa, G. taiwanensis and Siderea picta are closely and proposed to a same group as genus. The results of relationship tree also indicated G. phasmatodes, G. sagmacephalus, G. albimarginatus, Strophidon prolatus, Pseudechidna brummeri and Rhinomuraena quaesita are closely, those total vertebra count are most in the morphological classification. A total number of 1377 individuals of moray eels aroud Taiwan belonging to 39 species 8 genera 2 subfamilies were investigated and compared the gonad appearance and the development of germs cells. The mature months, batch fecundity, minimum size of maturity, weight of maturity, gonad-somatic index and hepato-somatic index from the female moray eels. Generally, the female matured in May-August with high temperature water. For both male and female individuals of most muraenid species, the right side gonads were larger than the left. The batch fecundity and the mature body-length of the females were positive correlation. The batch fecundity were less 6000 eggs in small-sized (total length of body is smaller than 40 cm), 6000-30000 eggs in medium-sized (total length between 40-80 cm), and over 30000 eggs in large-sized moray eels (total length over 80 cm). This study had collected more species and more specimens of moray eels than the past reports, so we could make more objective results and discuss the relative reproductive subjects. |
| Databáze: | Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations |
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