Preval?ncia e susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de Staphylococcusspp. em quadros de sa?de e doen?a periodontal

Autor: Santos, Bruna Rafaela Martins dos
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2007
Předmět:
Zdroj: Repositório Institucional da UFRNUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do NorteUFRN.
Druh dokumentu: masterThesis
Popis: Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:31:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BrunaRafaelaMS.pdf: 1773532 bytes, checksum: 553ecb49ceff7440e7c16d387e2a1ca2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-26
Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The aim of this study was determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. from patients with periodontal disease and periodontally healthy, correlate them with factors to host, local environment and traits of the diseases. To this, thirty adults from 19 to 55 years old were selected. They had not periodontal treatment and no antibiotic or antimicrobial was administered during three previous months. From these individuals, sites periodontally healthy, with chronic gingivitis and/or periodontitis were analyzed. Eighteen subgingival dental biofilm samples were collected through sterile paper points being six from each tooth randomly selected, representing conditions mentioned. They were transported to Oral Microbiology laboratory, plated onto Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA) and incubated at 370C in air for 48 h. Staphylococcus spp. were identified by colonial morphology, Gram stain, catalase reaction, susceptibility to bacitracin and coagulase activity. After identification, strains were submitted to the antibiotic susceptibility test with 12 antimicrobials, based on Kirby-Bauer technique. To establish the relation between coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CSN) presence and their infection levels and host factors, local environment and traits of diseases were used Chi-square, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests to a confidence level of 95%. 86,7% subjects harbored CSN in 11,7% periodontal sites. These prevalence were 12,1% in healthy sites, 11,7% in chronic gingivitis, 13,5% in slight chronic periodontitis, 6,75% in moderate chronic periodontitis and in sites with advance chronic periodontitis was not isolated CSN, without difference among them (p = 0,672). There was no significant difference to presence and infection levels of CSN as related to host factors, local environm ent and traits of the diseases. Amongst the 74 samples of CSN isolated, the biggest resistance was observed to penicillin (55,4%), erythromycin (32,4%), tetracycline (12,16%) and clindamycin (9,4%). 5,3% of the isolates were resistant to oxacilin and methicillin. No resistance was observed to ciprofloxacin, rifampicin and vancomycin. It was concluded that staphylococci are found in low numbers in healthy or sick periodontal sites in a similar ratio. However, a trend was observed to a reduction in staphylococci occurrence toward more advanced stages of the disease. This low prevalence was not related to any variables analyzed. Susceptibility profile to antibiotics demonstrates a raised resistance to penicillin and a low one to methicillin. To erythromycin, tetracycline and clindamycin was observed a significant resistance
O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a preval?ncia e a susceptibilidade antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus spp. em quadros de sa?de e doen?a periodontal, relacionando-as com fatores do hospedeiro, do meio ambiente local e pr?prios das doen?as. Para tanto, foram selecionados 30 indiv?duos adultos, entre 19 e 55 anos, que apresentassem s?tios periodontais saud?veis, com gengivite cr?nica e/ou periodontite cr?nica, sem tratamento periodontal, e que n?o tivessem usado antibi?tico ou antimicrobiano nos ?ltimos tr?s meses. De cada paciente foram coletadas 18 amostras de biofilme subgengival, sendo 6 por elemento dent?rio sorteado com as condi??es supracitadas. Com o aux?lio de pontas de papel absorventes est?reis, tais amostras foram coletadas do sulco gengival ou bolsa periodontal, semeadas em Agar Manitol Salgado e incubadas a 370C por 48 horas. A identifica??o de Staphylococcus spp. se deu atrav?s da colora??o de Gram, prova da catalase, susceptibilidade ? bacitracina e prova da coagulase livre Ap?s a identifica??o, as amostras foram submetidas ao teste de susceptibilidade a doze antimicrobianos, atrav?s da t?cnica de Kirby-Bauer. Para o estabelecimento da rela??o entre a presen?a de estafilococos coagulase-negativos, os n?veis de infec??o dos mesmos e os fatores do hospedeiro, do meio ambiente local e pr?prios das doen?as, foram usados os testes do Quiquadrado, Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis para um n?vel de confian?a de 95%. Quanto ? preval?ncia de estafilococos coagulase-negativos, 86,7% dos indiv?duos albergavam este microrganismo em 11,7% dos s?tios periodontais, sendo distribu?dos em 12,1% entre os saud?veis, 11,7% com gengivite cr?nica, 13,5% com periodontite cr?nica leve, 6,75% com periodontite cr?nica moderada e nenhum s?tio com periodontite cr?nica severa (p=0,672). N?o houve associa??o significativa na freq??ncia de isolamento ou nos n?veis de infec??o de ECN com fatores do hospedeiro, do meio ambiente local e pr?prios das doen?as. Dentre as 74 cepas isoladas de ECN, a maior resist?ncia observada neste estudo foi ? penicilina (55,4%), eritromicina (32,4%), tetraciclina (12,16%) e clindamicina (9,4%). Cinco v?rgula tr?s por cento das cepas foram resistentes ? oxacilina e ? meticilina. Nenhuma cepa apresentou resist?ncia aos antibi?ticos ciprofloxacina, rifampicina e vancomicina. Conclui-se, portanto, que os estafilococos est?o presentes em baixos n?meros em s?tios periodontais saud?veis e doentes numa propor??o equivalente. Por?m, uma tend?ncia foi observada em rela??o ao decr?scimo de sua ocorr?ncia em quadros mais avan?ados da doen?a periodontal. Essa baixa preval?ncia de SCN n?o esteve associada a nenhum a das vari?veis testadas nesse estudo. O perfil de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos demonstrou um a elevada resist?ncia ? penicilina, por?m uma baixa resist?ncia ? meticilina. Para a eritromicina, tetraciclina e clindamicina foi encontrada uma resist?ncia significativa
Databáze: Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations
Externí odkaz: