Elevation of serum neurofilament light-chain levels disclose possible occult progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune reconstitution syndrome in a patient receiving ozanimod: a case report

Autor: Carlos Quintanilla-Bordás, David Gorriz, Laura Cubas-Núñez, Jéssica Castillo-Villalba, Joan Carreres-Polo, Bonaventura Casanova, Francisco Carlos Pérez-Miralles
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2024
Předmět:
Zdroj: Frontiers in Immunology, Vol 15 (2024)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1664-3224
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1465678
Popis: BackgroundWe report the first case of findings suggestive of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and immune restitution syndrome (PML-IRIS) in a patient with multiple sclerosis receiving ozanimod preceded by an unexpected increase in the serum neurofilament light-chain (sNfL) levels.Case reportA 57-year-old-woman treated with ozanimod for the last 8 years presented, during surveillance MRI, with findings compatible with PML-IRIS. Overt clinical symptoms were absent. sNfL levels increased 4 months earlier and peaked at presentation. Lymphocyte count reached nadir of 330/mL at 8 months earlier.ConclusionThe case illustrates the utility of sNfL levels for PML surveillance in patients receiving immunosuppressors.
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