Distribution of Aedes mosquito species along the rural–urban gradient in Lambaréné and its surroundings

Autor: Rodrigue Bikangui, Stravensky Terence Boussougou-Sambe, Mahmoudou Saidou, Barclaye Ngossanga, Ange Gatien Doumba Ndalembouly, Ynous Djida, Ayong More, Romuald Beh Mba, Haruka Abe, Yuri Ushijima, Steffen Borrmann, Bertrand Lell, Jiro Yasuda, Ayola Akim Adegnika
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2023
Předmět:
Zdroj: Parasites & Vectors, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2023)
Druh dokumentu: article
ISSN: 1756-3305
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05901-2
Popis: Abstract Background Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti are known for their potential as vectors of dengue (DENV) and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. However, entomological surveys are mostly carried out during epidemics. In Gabon where outbreaks of both viruses have occurred, there is no vector control program targeting these arboviruses. Therefore, we assessed the presence of Aedes species along a rural–urban gradient in Lambaréné (Gabon) and its surroundings and determined ecological factors associated to their presence. Methods An entomological survey was conducted in Lambaréné and its surrounding rural areas. Mosquitoes were collected with aspirators around human dwellings, and ecological and environmental data were collected from each study area. Morphological identification keys were used to identify Aedes species. RNA was extracted from pools of female mosquitoes and amplified by RT-qPCR to detect the presence of DENV and CHIKV. Results Overall, the most common vector collected was Aedes albopictus (97%, 4236/4367 specimens), followed by Aedes aegypti (3%, 131/4367). Albopictus vectors was more abundant in the rural area (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Z = 627, P = 0.043) than in the urban area. In the urban area, a higher number of mosquitoes (45%) were recorded in the economic zone (zone 3) than in the historical and administrative zones (zone 1 and 2). In the rural area, the proportions of species numbers were significantly higher along the south rural transect (92%) compared to the north rural transect (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Z = 43, P ˂ 0.016). We also noted a high abundance of vectors in environments characterized by monocultures of Hevea brasiliensis (Hevea) and Manihot esculenta (cassava) (Kruskal–Wallis H-test, H = 25.7, df = 2, P
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