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Dejen Nureye,1 Eyob Tekalign,2 Nebeyi Fisseha,1 Tarekegn Tesfaye,1 Workineh Woldeselassie Hammeso1 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Southwest Ethiopia; 2Department of Medical Laboratory sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University, Mizan-Aman, Southwest EthiopiaCorrespondence: Workineh Woldeselassie Hammeso Email workinehws@yahoo.comBackground: Since drug resistance makes controlling malaria parasites a major challenge, these pioneering researchers explore and discover new novel drugs from a variety of sources. As a result, this study aimed to assess the anti-plasmodial activity of hydroalcoholic crude extract and solvent fractions of Zehneria scabra roots in mice infected with Plasmodium berghei.Methods: The antimalarial activity and safety profile of Zehneria scabra extracts were tested in a mouse model using four-day suppressive, prophylactic, and rane’s tests against chloroquine-sensitive Plasmodium berghei. Mice were divided into five groups at random: group I received distilled water (10 mL/kg), group II, III, and IV received 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of the extract, respectively, and group V received chloroquine (25 mg/kg). The antimalarial activity of the extract was determined using parasitemia levels, survival time, rectal temperature, and weight variation.Results: At all dose levels, the crude extract and solvent fractions of Zehneria scabra showed significant (p< 0.05 to p< 0.001) chemosuppression, with the crude extract and butanol fraction showing the highest chemosuppression (73.09% and 74.09%, respectively). Apart from suppressing parasitemia, the extract also increased survival time and secured packed cell volume reduction substantially (p< 0.05 to p< 0.001), while the crude extract had no significant impact on body weight or rectal temperature reduction in four-day suppressive and prophylactic models.Conclusion: The result designated that Zehneria scabra is endowed with significant antimalarial activity. These results thus support the traditional use of Zehneria scabra, for the treatment of malaria.Keywords: malaria, Plasmodium berghei, Zehneria scabra, Swiss albino mice |
